Multiple forms of cytochrome P-450 and the importance of molecular biology and evolution.

Multiple forms of cytochrome P-450 and the importance of molecular biology and evolution.
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细胞色素 P-450 的多种形式以及分子生物学和进化的重要性。

DOI:
10.1016/0006-2952(82)90523-8
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发表时间:
1982
影响因子:
5.8
通讯作者:
M. Negishi
M. Negishi
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
D. Nebert;M. Negishi

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在整个进化过程中,功能性蛋白质的发展是一个不太可能的事件。一旦成功地解决了一个化学问题(如单氧作用),很可能这个解决方案会被重复和修改以适应任何新的代谢任务。这种现象现在已知已经发生在许多多基因家族中[1],通过复制祖先基因和随后修改额外的基因来进化功能。基因复制被认为是通过基因转换和/或不平等交叉发生的[1,2]。由于分子生物学的这一最新发现,有两个直接的结论。(a)在某一物种中,存在着结构极为相似的蛋白质家族。例如,胰岛素、胰岛素样生长因子、松弛素和神经生长因子是同一多基因家族中的四种与胰岛素相关的生长因子,它们的基因是从一个共同的祖先基因进化而来的[3-51]。白蛋白和铜胎蛋白产生不同的抗体,但它们是从一个共同的祖先基因进化而来的[6,7]。催乳素、生长激素和绒毛膜促生长激素的基因可能来自一个单一的祖先基因[S]。编码单一蛋白质的基因可能以串联的方式排列,在同一染色体上的每个基因之间有间隔区域(如珠蛋白19)。[1],干扰素[1]或白蛋白和ct+胎儿蛋白[12])或在两条或更多染色体上,如免疫球蛋白[13]。铜珠蛋白的“沉默”基因(或假基因)已被描述在一条染色体上,与含有常规a珠蛋白多基因家族的染色体不同[141]。(b)在许多不同的物种中,同源酶和其他蛋白质在结构上是相似的。这一结论的推论是,编码同源蛋白的基因将具有相当大的核苷酸序列同源性。因此,通过DNA杂交技术,奶牛、大鼠和人的生长激素mRNA均与[15]相关。利用酵母细胞色素c基因分离大鼠细胞色素c基因[16]。用小鼠PI-450基因分离大鼠PI-450基因[17]。
Throughout evolution, development of a functional protein is an unlikely event. Once a successful solution to a chemical problem (eg monooxygenation) is achieved, most likely the solution is repeated and modified to suit any new metabolic task. This phenomenon is now known to have occurred for numerous multigene families [l] by means of duplication of the ancestral gene and subsequent modification of extra genes for evolving functions. Gene duplication is believed to occur by gene conversion and/or unequal crossing-over [1, 2]. As the result of this recent discovery in molecular biology, there are two immediate conclusions.(a) In a given species, there exist families of proteins with strikingly similar structure. Insulin, insulin-like growth factor, relaxin, and nerve growth factor, for example, are four insulin-related growth factors within the same multigene family whose genes have evolved from a common ancestral gene [3-51. Albumin and cu-fetoprotein evoke different antibodies yet have evolved from a common ancestral gene [6, 7]. The genes for prolactin, growth hormone and chorionic somatomammotropin probably have arisen from a single ancestral gene [S]. The genes that encode a single protein may be arranged in tandem fashion with spacer regions between each gene on the same chromosome (as in the case of globin 19. lo], interferon [ll] or albumin and ct+ fetoprotein [12]) or on two or more chromosomes, as in the case of the immunoglobulins [13].‘Silent’genes (or pseudogenes’) for cu-globin have been described on a chromosome distinct from that containing the regular a-globin multigene family [141.(b) Among many different species, homologous enzymes and other proteins are st~ cturally similar. A corollary to this conclusion is that the genes encoding homologous proteins will have considerable nucleotide sequence homology. By DNA hybridization techniques, therefore, the growth hormone mRNA in cow, rat and human were shown to be related [15]. The yeast cytochrome c gene was used for isolating the rat cytochrome c gene [16]. The mouse PI-450 gene was used to isolate the rat PI-450 gene [17].
DOI: 10.1016/0041-008x(81)90208-8
发表时间: 1981-06
影响因子: 3.8
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来自两种形式的细胞色素 P-450 的类似肽的氨基酸序列。
DOI: --
发表时间: 1981
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DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(82)91465-6
发表时间: 1982
影响因子: 3.1
作者:
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通讯作者: Johnson,EF
苯巴比妥诱导细胞色素 P-450 的机制。
DOI: --
发表时间: 1981
期刊: The Journal of biological chemistry
影响因子: --
作者:
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