Fabrication of channeled scaffolds through polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) printed sacrificial templates for tissue formation.

Fabrication of channeled scaffolds through polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) printed sacrificial templates for tissue formation.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.01.030
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发表时间:
2022-11
影响因子:
18.9
通讯作者:
Wang H
Wang H
中科院分区:
工程技术1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wang H;Zhou X;Wang J;Zhang X;Zhu M;Wang H

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限制组织工程临床转化的关键因素之一是不能产生大体积和复杂的三维(3D)组织,这主要是由于许多当前支架缺乏长距离质量传输。在这里,我们提出了一种简单而强大的牺牲策略,通过嵌入式3D打印(EB3DP),可调微通道复合物(PEC)和铸造方法的组合,在多功能支架内创建分层和可灌注的微通道网络。通过EB3DP制备具有任意3D构型的PEC细丝(直径从120 μm到500 μm)的牺牲模板,然后将其并入各种可浇铸基质(例如,水凝胶、有机溶液、可熔聚合物等)。PEC模板在2.00 M溴化钾水溶液中的快速溶解导致了用于自由质量交换的互连通道的高保真形成。用小鼠成纤维细胞证明了这种通道化支架用于体外组织形成的功效,显示出连续的细胞增殖和ECM沉积。皮下植入孔隙率为76%的通道丝素蛋白(SF)支架可导致高达53%的组织向内生长,而非通道对照组在4周后为5%。组织学和免疫荧光分析表明,这种通道支架促进细胞化,血管化和宿主整合沿着免疫调节。复合印刷与嵌入式印刷相结合,结构逼真。具有可灌注通道的牺牲模板使能的支架的创建。牺牲可回收材料的模板,以实现环保方法。引导组织通过可灌注通道网络向内生长。适用于广泛的浇注材料。
One of the pivotal factors that limit the clinical translation of tissue engineering is the inability to create large volume and complex three-dimensional (3D) tissues, mainly due to the lack of long-range mass transport with many current scaffolds. Here we present a simple yet robust sacrificial strategy to create hierarchical and perfusable microchannel networks within versatile scaffolds via the combination of embedded 3D printing (EB3DP), tunable polyelectrolyte complexes (PEC), and casting methods. The sacrificial templates of PEC filaments (diameter from 120 to 500 μm) with arbitrary 3D configurations were fabricated by EB3DP and then incorporated into various castable matrices (e.g., hydrogels, organic solutions, meltable polymers, etc.). Rapid dissolution of PEC templates within a 2.00 M potassium bromide aqueous solution led to the high fidelity formation of interconnected channels for free mass exchange. The efficacy of such channeled scaffolds for in vitro tissue formation was demonstrated with mouse fibroblasts, showing continuous cell proliferation and ECM deposition. Subcutaneous implantation of channeled silk fibroin (SF) scaffolds with a porosity of 76% could lead to tissue ingrowth as high as 53% in contrast to 5% for those non-channeled controls after 4 weeks. Both histological and immunofluorescence analyses demonstrated that such channeled scaffolds promoted cellularization, vascularization, and host integration along with immunoregulation. Combining polyelectrolyte complex and embedded printing for high-fidelity structure. Sacrificial template-enabled creation of scaffolds with perfusable channels. Sacrificial templates of recyclable materials for an eco-friendly approach. Guided tissue ingrowth through the perfusable channel network. Applicability for a broad spectrum of castable materials.
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