Average coherence and its typicality for random pure states

Average coherence and its typicality for random pure states
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随机纯态的平均相干性及其典型性

DOI:
10.1103/physreva.93.032125
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发表时间:
2015-09
期刊:
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
Pati, Arun Kumar
Pati, Arun Kumar
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Singh, Uttam;Zhang, Lin;Pati, Arun Kumar

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我们研究了由测量集中现象引导的量子相干性的一般方面。我们从均匀哈尔测量中随机抽样得到了纯量子态相干性的平均相对熵,并证明了它是典型的,即随机选择的纯态相干性的相对熵不等于相干性的平均相对熵(在任意小的误差范围内)的概率在希尔伯特空间的维数上是指数小的。我们发现了总希尔伯特空间的一个随机子空间的维数,使得它上的所有纯态几乎总是至少有一个固定的非零相干相对熵,它任意接近相干的典型值。进一步,我们在高概率下证明了该子空间中的每个态(纯态或混合态)也具有至少等于典型相干值相同的固定非零量的形成相干性。因此,这些随机子空间的状态可以用于相干资源理论中的催化等相干消耗任务。此外,我们计算了随机纯量子态对角线部分与最大混合态之间的期望迹距离,发现它在渐近极限下不接近于零。这表明,随机选择的纯状态通常不是最大相干的(在任意小的误差范围内)。此外,我们还发现了纯态集合的相对相干熵的下界,其对角线部分与最大混合态的最可能距离是固定的。
We investigate the generic aspects of quantum coherence guided by the concentration of measure phenomenon. We find the average relative entropy of coherence of pure quantum states sampled randomly from the uniform Haar measure and show that it is typical, i.e., the probability that the relative entropy of coherence of a randomly chosen pure state is not equal to the average relative entropy of coherence (within an arbitrarily small error) is exponentially small in the dimension of the Hilbert space. We find the dimension of a random subspace of the total Hilbert space such that all pure states that reside on it almost always have at least a fixed nonzero amount of the relative entropy of coherence that is arbitrarily close to the typical value of coherence. Further, we show, with high probability, every state (pure or mixed) in this subspace also has the coherence of formation at least equal to the same fixed nonzero amount of the typical value of coherence. Thus, the states from these random subspaces can be useful in the relevant coherence consuming tasks like catalysis in the coherence resource theory. Moreover, we calculate the expected trace distance between the diagonal part of a random pure quantum state and the maximally mixed state and find that it does not approach to zero in the asymptotic limit. This establishes that randomly chosen pure states are not typically maximally coherent (within an arbitrarily small error). Additionally, we find the lower bound on the relative entropy of coherence for the set of pure states whose diagonal parts are at a fixed most probable distance from the maximally mixed state.
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