Effects of COVID-19 and Social Distancing on Rhinovirus Infections and Asthma Exacerbations.
Effects of COVID-19 and Social Distancing on Rhinovirus Infections and Asthma Exacerbations.
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DOI：
10.3390/v14112340
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发表时间：
2022-10-25
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hershenson MB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kreger JE;Hershenson MB
自20世纪50年代发现以来，鼻病毒（RV）已被认为是“普通感冒”和感冒样疾病的主要病原体，占上呼吸道感染的50%以上。然而，更重要的是，呼吸道病毒感染是造成成人哮喘急性发作的大约50%和儿童哮喘急性发作的80%的原因。除了引起哮喘、COPD和其他慢性肺部疾病的恶化之外，RV还涉及下呼吸道感染的发病机制，包括细支气管炎和社区获得性肺炎。最后，RV的早期呼吸道病毒感染与儿童哮喘的发生有关。由于RV的巨大遗传多样性（大约160种已知血清型），复发性感染很常见。RV感染通常在社区获得，通过吸入气溶胶、呼吸道飞沫或污染物传播。在2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）爆发后，由于社交距离、社交聚会的限制以及卫生协议的增加，RV和其他呼吸道病毒的暴露显著减少。在本综述中，我们总结了COVID-19预防措施对RV感染及其后遗症发生率的影响。
Since their discovery in the 1950s, rhinoviruses (RVs) have been recognized as a major causative agent of the “common cold” and cold-like illnesses, accounting for more than 50% of upper respiratory tract infections. However, more than that, respiratory viral infections are responsible for approximately 50% of asthma exacerbations in adults and 80% in children. In addition to causing exacerbations of asthma, COPD and other chronic lung diseases, RVs have also been implicated in the pathogenesis of lower respiratory tract infections including bronchiolitis and community acquired pneumonia. Finally, early life respiratory viral infections with RV have been associated with asthma development in children. Due to the vast genetic diversity of RVs (approximately 160 known serotypes), recurrent infection is common. RV infections are generally acquired in the community with transmission occurring via inhalation of aerosols, respiratory droplets or fomites. Following the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), exposure to RV and other respiratory viruses was significantly reduced due to social-distancing, restrictions on social gatherings, and increased hygiene protocols. In the present review, we summarize the impact of COVID-19 preventative measures on the incidence of RV infection and its sequelae.
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发表时间：
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期刊：
The Lancet. Respiratory medicine
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发表时间：
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影响因子：
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