Specificity of intramuscular activation during rhythms produced by spinal patterning systems in the in vitro neonatal rat with hindlimb attached preparation.
Specificity of intramuscular activation during rhythms produced by spinal patterning systems in the in vitro neonatal rat with hindlimb attached preparation.
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在具有后肢附着准备的体外新生大鼠中，脊髓模式系统产生的节律期间肌内激活的特异性。
DOI：
10.1152/jn.00477.2010
复制
发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Tresch,MatthewC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Klein,DavidA;Tresch,MatthewC
在完整的成年脊椎动物中，肌肉可以以高度特异性激活，因此即使在传统定义的单个肌肉中，运动单元组也可以被差异激活。这种差异性激活可能反映了下行系统的详细控制，可能是出生后的经验导致的，这样运动单元的激活就精确地适应了它们的机械动作。在这里，我们研究的程度，这种特定的激活可以看到在新生儿孤立的脊髓运动系统产生的节奏模式。本实验观察了离体新生大鼠脊髓与后肢连接后产生的运动输出。我们记录了股二头肌后部（BFP;即，不包括前部/椎骨头部）。我们发现，在浴应用5-羟色胺/N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸（5-HT/NMDA）引起的节律中，所有的BFP区域在伸展过程中都是活跃的。然而，该地区的BFp被激活在一个特定的序列，与吻侧区域的激活一致之前，在传入和deafferented准备的更尾部的区域。在电刺激马尾神经（CE）诱发的节律中，BFp的头端和中间区域在伸展时保持活跃，而尾端区域通常在屈曲时活跃。L5和S2背根的刺激通常引起的节奏与所有地区的BF p活动在扩展过程中，虽然相同的吻尾序列的激活观察5-HT/NMDA诱发的节奏也可以观察到在这些节奏，我们还观察到的情况下，与反向序列，活动进行从尾到吻。S2背根刺激偶尔诱发的节奏与屈肌活动在尾部BFp，类似于CE诱发的节奏。总之，这些结果表明，即使在出生时，脊柱模式生成网络也具有高度的个体化肌肉控制。
In intact adult vertebrates, muscles can be activated with a high degree of specificity, so that even within a single traditionally defined muscle, groups of motor units can be differentially activated. Such differential activation might reflect detailed control by descending systems, potentially resulting from postnatal experience such that activation of motor units is precisely tailored to their mechanical actions. Here we examine the degree to which such specific activation can be seen in the rhythmic patterns produced by isolated spinal motor systems in neonates. We examined motor output produced by the in vitro neonatal rat spinal cord with hindlimb attached. We recorded the activity of different regions within the posterior portion of biceps femoris (BFp; i.e., excluding the anterior/vertebral head). We found that in the rhythms evoked by bath application of serotonin/N-methyl-d-aspartate (5-HT/NMDA), all regions of BFp were active during extension. However, the regions of BFp were activated in a specific sequence, with the activation of rostral regions consistently preceding those of more caudal regions in both afferented and deafferented preparations. In the rhythms evoked by cauda equina (CE) stimulation, rostral and middle regions of BFp remained active in extension, but the caudal region of BFp was usually active in flexion. Stimulation of L5 and S2 dorsal roots typically evoked rhythms with all regions of BFp active during extension; although the same rostral to caudal sequence of activation observed in 5-HT/NMDA evoked rhythms could also be observed in these rhythms, we also observed cases with reversed sequences, with activity proceeding from caudal to rostral. S2 dorsal root stimulation occasionally evoked rhythms with flexor activity in caudal BFp, similar to CE-evoked rhythms. Taken together, these results suggest a high degree of individuated control of muscles by spinal pattern generating networks, even at birth.
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新生大鼠运动的中央模式发生器的振荡特性。
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Y. Sqalli;J. Cazalets;François Clarac
通讯作者：
François Clarac
脊柱伤害感受系统的发育调节：新生儿脊柱化的影响
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
A. Levinsson;Xiao;H. Holmberg;J. Schouenborg
通讯作者：
J. Schouenborg
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Degtyarenko, MA;Simon, ES;Burke, RE
通讯作者：
Burke, RE
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
CAZALETS, JR;MENARD, I;CLARAC, F
通讯作者：
CLARAC, F
脊髓运动功能的发育方面：使用体外小鼠脊髓制备的见解
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2003
期刊：
Journal of Physiology
影响因子：
--
作者：
P. Whelan
通讯作者：
P. Whelan