Can Food–Energy–Water Nexus Research Keep Pace with Agricultural Innovation?
Can Food–Energy–Water Nexus Research Keep Pace with Agricultural Innovation?
复制标题
食品—能源—水关系研究能否跟上农业创新的步伐？
DOI：
10.1016/j.eng.2022.08.014
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
12.8
通讯作者：
Sayler, Gary S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhuang, Jie;Gill, Tom;Löffler, Frank E.;Jin, Mingzhou;Sayler, Gary S.
在满足社会需求方面，粮食-能源-水（FEW）系统之间的相互联系得到了广泛认可[1]。类似地，农业生产、制造业和人类消费的水和能源资源的竞争性或协同性分配也得到了理解，其经济影响也可以预测[2]。很少有人认识到和理解的是，在应对农业实践中的操作变化和后代的相关技术创新时，FEW关系的结果[3]，[4]。此外，新兴技术驱动的资源重新分配和决策对FEW系统的跨尺度和反馈效应在很大程度上是未知的。例如，智能技术的农业经济反馈如何影响环境和人口变化下的农业生产的FEW关系？为无动力水坝和抽水蓄能水力发电提供动力所需的水量分配如何影响农业生产和市政供水维护？太阳能和风能农场如何影响农业和农村经济的土地使用？反过来，所产生的太阳能和风能如何帮助降低地下水开采或海水淡化的成本？在国际上，如何在依赖于同一河流系统的邻国（如东南亚的湄公河）之间实现少数资源农业效益的平等一直是一个持续的挑战[5]，[6]，[7]，[8]，[9]，[10]。很明显，由于少数几个工作岗位之间的关系所产生的复杂而广泛的影响，需要对供应链进行重组;然而，部门重组和重新平衡资源利用所需的速度，对农业少数几个工作岗位系统在当地和全球有效适应新兴技术造成了压力。部门重组的过渡阶段对发达社会和发展中社会都提出了特别的挑战，发达社会习惯于在可获得性、丰富性和质量方面各种各样的少量资源，而发展中社会由于人口迅速增长和对环境变化的适应能力低而遭受少量贫穷。不幸的是，目前的FEW模型未能将FEW系统的异质性响应元素从局部到区域再到全球尺度，反之亦然，因为越来越多的变量和相互关系（例如，人工智能技术和去全球化）正在实现。当不断变化的环境条件，沿着不可预测的经济、社会和政治后果，被纳入农村地区的少数民族关系框架时，这些问题变得更具挑战性。这篇观点文章强调了农业新兴技术带来的日益严峻的挑战，确定了相关的知识差距，并讨论了技术权衡。系统的方法建议，以促进我们对农业少数民族的关系，新兴技术应用于粮食生产的理解。
The interconnection among food–energy–water (FEW) systems in meeting societal demands is broadly acknowledged [1]. Similarly, competitive or synergistic allocations of water and energy resources for agricultural production, manufacturing, and human consumption are understood, and their economic impacts can be predicted [2]. Far less appreciated and understood are the outcomes of the FEW nexus in response to operation changes in agricultural practices and the associated technological innovations for future generations [3],[4]. Also, the inter-scale and feedback effects of emerging technology-driven resource reallocation and decision-making on FEW systems are largely unknown. For example, how do the agroeconomic feedbacks of intelligent technologies influence the FEW nexus of agricultural production under environmental and demographic changes? How does the necessary water allocation for powering non-powered dams and pumped-storage hydropower generation influence agricultural production and municipal water supply maintenance? How do solar and wind energy farms influence land use for agriculture and the rural economy? In turn, how can the generated solar and wind energy help reduce the cost of groundwater extraction or water desalination?Internationally, it has been a persistent challenge to achieve equality in the agricultural benefits of FEW resources among neighboring countries that depend on the same riverine system (eg, Mekong River in Southeast Asia)[5],[6],[7],[8],[9],[10]. It is evident that the complex and extensive implications of the FEW nexus demand a reorganization of supply chains; however, the required pace of sectoral reorganization and the rebalancing of resource utilization put a strain on the efficient adaptation of agricultural FEW systems to emerging technologies, both locally and globally. The transition phase of sectoral reorganization presents a particular challenge for both developed societies, which are accustomed to a diverse range of FEW resources in terms of availability, abundance, and quality, and developing societies, which suffer from FEW poverty as a result of rapid population growth and low resilience to environmental change. Unfortunately, current FEW models fail to bridge the heterogeneously responding elements of FEW systems from local to regional to global scales and vice versa, as more and more variables and interrelationships (eg, artificial intelligent technology and deglobalization) are being realized. These problems become even more challenging when changing environmental conditions, along with unpredictable economic, social, and political consequences, are integrated into the framework of the FEW nexus in rural regions [11]. This opinion article highlights the increasing challenges due to emerging technologies for agriculture, identifies relevant knowledge gaps, and discusses technological tradeoffs. Systems approaches are suggested to promote our understanding of the agricultural FEW nexus as emerging technologies are applied to food production.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
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期刊：
影响因子：
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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期刊：
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影响因子：
11.1
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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