Structural basis for self-cleavage prevention by tag:anti-tag pairing complementarity in type VI Cas13 CRISPR systems.

Structural basis for self-cleavage prevention by tag:anti-tag pairing complementarity in type VI Cas13 CRISPR systems.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.molcel.2020.12.033
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发表时间:
2021-03-04
期刊:
影响因子:
16
通讯作者:
Yang H
Yang H
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wang B;Zhang T;Yin J;Yu Y;Xu W;Ding J;Patel DJ;Yang H

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细菌和古细菌应用 CRISPR-Cas 监视复合物来防御外来入侵者。这些入侵的遗传元件被捕获并作为间隔元件整合到 CRISPR 阵列中,指导序列特异性 DNA/RNA 靶向和切割。最近,体内研究表明,与靶元件侧翼重复序列(标签:反标签配对)具有扩展互补性的靶RNA可以显着减少VI-A型Cas13a系统对RNA的切割。在这里,我们报告了细毛菌 LshCas13acrRNA 与带有标签的靶 RNA 复合物的冷冻电镜结构:反标签配对互补性,观察到的构象变化为复合 HEPN 结构域切割活性的失活提供了分子解释。这些结构见解,加上对关键突变体的体外生化和体内细胞测定,定义了 Cas13a 靶向和区分自身和非自身 RNA 靶点能力的分子原理。我们的研究阐明了调节 Cas13a 裂解活性的方法,从而影响 Cas13a 介导的生物技术应用。 crRNA 和抗标签靶 RNA 之间的扩展互补性介导 Cas13a 系统的自身免疫。王等人。显示结构-功能数据并揭示抗标签 RNA 防止复合催化袋形成和底物 RNA 降解的分子基础。
Bacteria and archaea apply CRISPR-Cas surveillance complexes to defend against foreign invaders. These invading genetic elements are captured and integrated into the CRISPR array as spacer elements, guiding sequence-specific DNA/RNA targeting and cleavage. Recently, in vivo studies have shown that target RNAs with extended complementarity with repeat sequences flanking the target element (tag:anti-tag pairing) can dramatically reduce RNA cleavage by the type VI-A Cas13a system. Here, we report the cryo-EM structure of Leptotrichia shahii LshCas13acrRNA in complex with target RNA harboring tag:anti-tag pairing complementarity, with the observed conformational changes providing a molecular explanation for inactivation of the composite HEPN domain cleavage activity. These structural insights, together with in vitro biochemical and in vivo cell-based assays on key mutants, define the molecular principles underlying Cas13a’s capacity to target and discriminate between self and non-self RNA targets. Our studies illuminate approaches to regulate Cas13a’s cleavage activity, thereby influencing Cas13a-mediated biotechnological applications. Extended complementarity between crRNA and anti-tag target RNA mediates autoimmunity of Cas13a systems. Wang et al. show the structure-function data and reveal the molecular basis for prevention of composite catalytic pocket formation and substrate RNA degradation by anti-tag RNA.
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