Hanging-wall colluvial cementation along active normal faults

Hanging-wall colluvial cementation along active normal faults
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沿活动正断层的上盘崩积胶结作用

DOI:
10.1017/qua.2017.32
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发表时间:
2017
影响因子:
2.3
通讯作者:
Reicherter
Reicherter
中科院分区:
地球科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Schneiderwind;Pallikarakis;Mechernich;Papanikoloau;Reicherter

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许多活跃的正断层贯穿爱琴海,并置下盘石灰岩与上盘崩积层。在某些地方,这种崩积层变得胶结,并形成附着在基岩断层上的厚度不等的大型上盘瓣或片。在克里特岛东部的Lastros断层的调查,使我们能够定义标准,以区分胶结崩积层和断层碎裂岩(构造角砾岩),这是经常出现在基岩断层。胶结崩积层的宏观和微观描述表明,崩积层最初是通过岩崩和泥石流沉积的。从83个样品的氧和碳的稳定同位素分析表明,胶结作用,然后发生在断裂带的流星流体流从弹簧在局部位置沿着走向。对方解石胶结物沉淀的母水的古温度计算表明,气候比克里特岛现在的年平均温度低7°C至10°C。这很可能代表了晚更新世冰期和间冰期之间的过渡。探地雷达还表明,胶结崩积层存在于非胶结崩积层下方的挂壁地下。利用这些结果,提出了一个模型的时间发展的故障和形成的胶结崩积层。
Many active normal faults throughout the Aegean juxtapose footwall limestone against hanging-wall colluvium. In places, this colluvium becomes cemented and forms large hanging-wall lobes or sheets of varying thickness attached to the bedrock fault. Investigations at the Lastros Fault in eastern Crete allow us to define criteria to distinguish between cemented colluvium and fault cataclasite (tectonic breccia), which is often present at bedrock faults. Macro- and microscopic descriptions of the cemented colluvium show that the colluvium was originally deposited through both rockfalls and debris flows. Stable isotope analyses of oxygen and carbon from 83 samples indicate that cementation then occurred through meteoric fluid flow in the fault zone from springs at localised positions along strike. Palaeotemperature calculations of the parent water from which the calcite cement precipitated are indicative of a climate between 7°C and 10°C colder than Crete’s present average annual temperature. This most likely represents the transition between a glacial and interglacial period in the late Pleistocene. Ground-penetrating radar also indicates that cemented colluvium is present in the hanging-wall subsurface below uncemented colluvium. Using these results, a model for the temporal development of the fault and formation of the cemented colluvium is proposed.
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