Inferring single-trial neural population dynamics using sequential auto-encoders.

Inferring single-trial neural population dynamics using sequential auto-encoders.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41592-018-0109-9
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发表时间:
2018-10
期刊:
影响因子:
48
通讯作者:
Sussillo D
Sussillo D
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Pandarinath C;O'Shea DJ;Collins J;Jozefowicz R;Stavisky SD;Kao JC;Trautmann EM;Kaufman MT;Ryu SI;Hochberg LR;Henderson JM;Shenoy KV;Abbott LF;Sussillo D

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神经科学正在经历一场革命,在这场革命中,同时记录成千上万个神经元可以揭示单个神经元反应无法显示的种群动态。这种结构通常是从试验平均数据中提取的,但更深入的理解需要研究单试验现象,这是具有挑战性的,因为神经种群的采样不完整,试验对试验的可变性,以及动作电位时间的波动。我们介绍了基于动态系统的潜在因素分析(LFADS),这是一种深度学习方法,可以从单次神经脉冲数据中推断潜在动力学。LFADS使用一个非线性动力系统来推断观察到的尖峰活动背后的动力学,并提取“去噪”的单次试验发射率。当应用于各种猴子和人类运动皮质数据集时,LFADS以前所未有的准确性预测观察到的行为变量,在单次试验中提取神经动力学的精确估计,推断与行为选择相关的动力学的扰动,并结合跨越数月的非重叠记录会话的数据来改进对潜在动力学的推断。
Neuroscience is experiencing a revolution in which simultaneous recording of many thousands of neurons is revealing population dynamics that are not apparent from single-neuron responses. This structure is typically extracted from trial-averaged data, but deeper understanding requires studying single-trial phenomena, which is challenging due to incomplete sampling of the neural population, trial-to-trial variability, and fluctuations in action potential timing. We introduce Latent Factor Analysis via Dynamical Systems (LFADS), a deep learning method to infer latent dynamics from single-trial neural spiking data. LFADS uses a nonlinear dynamical system to infer the dynamics underlying observed spiking activity and to extract ‘de-noised’ single-trial firing rates. When applied to a variety of monkey and human motor cortical datasets, LFADS predicts observed behavioral variables with unprecedented accuracy, extracts precise estimates of neural dynamics on single trials, infers perturbations to those dynamics that correlate with behavioral choices, and combines data from non-overlapping recording sessions spanning months to improve inference of underlying dynamics.
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