Quantum error correction with silicon spin qubits.
Quantum error correction with silicon spin qubits.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41586-022-04986-6
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发表时间：
2022-08
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Tarucha, Seigo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Takeda, Kenta;Noiri, Akito;Nakajima, Takashi;Kobayashi, Takashi;Tarucha, Seigo
未来的大规模量子计算机将依靠量子纠错（QEC）来保护计算过程中脆弱的量子信息。在实现量子计算设备的可能候选平台中，与硅基自旋量子位的成熟纳米加工技术的兼容性有望克服将设备尺寸从当今的原型扩大到大型计算机的挑战。硅基量子位的最新进展使得高质量的单量子位和双量子位系统的实现成为可能。然而，QEC 的演示需要三个或更多耦合量子位，并涉及三量子位门或基于测量的反馈，仍然是一个开放的挑战。在这里，我们演示了硅中的三量子位相位校正代码，其中编码的三量子位状态受到保护，免受三个量子位之一上的任何相位翻转错误的影响。对这种编码状态的校正是通过三量子位条件旋转来执行的，我们通过高效的单步谐振驱动 iToffoli 门来实现。正如预期的那样，纠错减轻了由于单量子位相位翻转以及主要由于准静态相位噪声引起的固有相移而产生的误差。这些结果显示了 QEC 的成功实施以及基于硅的大规模量子计算平台的潜力。通过使用三个硅自旋量子位构建相位校正码，实现了量子纠错，并演示了对三量子位状态的保护，以防止三个量子位之一上的任何相位翻转错误。
Future large-scale quantum computers will rely on quantum error correction (QEC) to protect the fragile quantum information during computation. Among the possible candidate platforms for realizing quantum computing devices, the compatibility with mature nanofabrication technologies of silicon-based spin qubits offers promise to overcome the challenges in scaling up device sizes from the prototypes of today to large-scale computers. Recent advances in silicon-based qubits have enabled the implementations of high-quality one-qubit and two-qubit systems. However, the demonstration of QEC, which requires three or more coupled qubits, and involves a three-qubit gate or measurement-based feedback, remains an open challenge. Here we demonstrate a three-qubit phase-correcting code in silicon, in which an encoded three-qubit state is protected against any phase-flip error on one of the three qubits. The correction to this encoded state is performed by a three-qubit conditional rotation, which we implement by an efficient single-step resonantly driven iToffoli gate. As expected, the error correction mitigates the errors owing to one-qubit phase-flip, as well as the intrinsic dephasing mainly owing to quasi-static phase noise. These results show successful implementation of QEC and the potential of a silicon-based platform for large-scale quantum computing. By using three silicon spin qubits to construct a phase-correcting code, quantum error correction is implemented and protection of the three-qubit state against any phase-flip error on one of the three qubits is demonstrated.
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