The Influence of Vicarious Fear-Learning in "Infecting" Reactive Action Inhibition.
The Influence of Vicarious Fear-Learning in "Infecting" Reactive Action Inhibition.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnbeh.2022.946263
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
3
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中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
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自认知神经科学诞生以来，人们已经认识到情绪会影响多种执行过程，例如行动抑制。然而，情绪刺激和行动控制之间复杂的相互作用尚未完全理解。测量抑制控制的一种方法是停止信号任务（SST），它通过停止信号反应时间（SSRT）来估计完全取消出现停止信号的动作的能力。当面临 SST 中作为停止信号的内在情绪刺激时，我们发现行动控制受到损害和促进。在这里，我们的目的是更深入地研究负面刺激影响我们行动控制的力量，测试以下假设：通过替代恐惧学习调节的先前中性刺激[即严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2)的图像]与内在负面刺激（即恐惧的脸或身体）对反应性行动抑制表现具有相同的影响。通过 SST 测试了 90 名参与者的行动控制能力，其中停止信号由不同的负面刺激代表。结果表明，SARS-CoV-2 图像增强了抑制正在进行的动作的能力，类似于观察恐惧的面部表情或恐惧的身体姿势。有趣的是，我们发现这种效应是由冲动特征预测的：例如，参与者的自控能力越差，他们对抑制表现的情绪促进就越少。这些结果表明，替代恐惧学习对认知能力具有至关重要的影响，使中性形象与系统发育上的先天负面刺激一样具有威胁性，并且能够影响我们的行为控制。
Since the dawn of cognitive neuroscience, emotions have been recognized to impact on several executive processes, such as action inhibition. However, the complex interplay between emotional stimuli and action control is not yet fully understood. One way to measure inhibitory control is the stop-signal task (SST), which estimates the ability to cancel outright an action to the presentation of a stop signal by means of the stop-signal reaction times (SSRTs). Impaired as well as facilitated action control has been found when faced with intrinsic emotional stimuli as stop signals in SSTs. Here, we aimed at investigating more deeply the power of negative stimuli to influence our action control, testing the hypothesis that a previously neutral stimulus [i.e., the image of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)], which has been conditioned through vicarious fear learning, has the same impact on reactive action inhibition performance as an intrinsically negative stimulus (i.e., a fearful face or body). Action control capabilities were tested in 90 participants by means of a SST, in which the stop signals were represented by different negative stimuli. Results showed that the SARS-CoV-2 image enhanced the ability to suppress an ongoing action similarly to observing fearful facial expressions or fearful body postures. Interestingly, we found that this effect was predicted by impulsivity traits: for example, the less self-control the participants had, the less they showed emotional facilitation for inhibitory performance. These results demonstrated that vicarious fear learning has a critical impact on cognitive abilities, making a neutral image as threatening as phylogenetically innate negative stimuli and able to impact on our behavioral control.
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影响因子：
4.6
作者：
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影响因子：
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