The low-recombining pericentromeric region of barley restricts gene diversity and evolution but not gene expression.

The low-recombining pericentromeric region of barley restricts gene diversity and evolution but not gene expression.
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DOI:
10.1111/tpj.12600
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发表时间:
2014-09
期刊:
The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Flavell AJ
Flavell AJ
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Baker K;Bayer M;Cook N;Dreißig S;Dhillon T;Russell J;Hedley PE;Morris J;Ramsay L;Colas I;Waugh R;Steffenson B;Milne I;Stephen G;Marshall D;Flavell AJ

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大麦基因组的低重组近着丝粒区域包含该物种大约四分之一的基因,嵌入在富含重复序列和抑制性染色质标记的低重组DNA中。我们已经调查了这些基因的表达,多样性和进化的pericentromeric区域居住的影响。我们没有观察到显着差异的平均转录水平或发育RNA特异性之间的大麦着丝粒周围区域和基因组的其余部分。相比之下,所有的进化参数在这里研究表明,在这一地区的妥协基因进化的证据。首先,野生大麦的近着丝粒区域内的基因显示出减少的多样性和显着削弱纯化选择与其余的基因组相比。第二,来自谷类全基因组重复事件ca的基因重复(ohnolog对)。60MYa已从大麦近着丝粒区完全消除。第三,相对于基因组的其余部分,着丝粒周围区域的局部基因复制减少了29%。因此,大麦的近着丝粒区域是基因表达的容许环境,但在大麦基因的相当大的一部分中限制了基因进化。
The low-recombining pericentromeric region of the barley genome contains roughly a quarter of the genes of the species, embedded in low-recombining DNA that is rich in repeats and repressive chromatin signatures. We have investigated the effects of pericentromeric region residency upon the expression, diversity and evolution of these genes. We observe no significant difference in average transcript level or developmental RNA specificity between the barley pericentromeric region and the rest of the genome. In contrast, all of the evolutionary parameters studied here show evidence of compromised gene evolution in this region. First, genes within the pericentromeric region of wild barley show reduced diversity and significantly weakened purifying selection compared with the rest of the genome. Second, gene duplicates (ohnolog pairs) derived from the cereal whole-genome duplication event ca. 60MYa have been completely eliminated from the barley pericentromeric region. Third, local gene duplication in the pericentromeric region is reduced by 29% relative to the rest of the genome. Thus, the pericentromeric region of barley is a permissive environment for gene expression but has restricted gene evolution in a sizeable fraction of barley's genes.
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