TECPR1 conjugates LC3 to damaged endomembranes upon detection of sphingomyelin exposure.

TECPR1 conjugates LC3 to damaged endomembranes upon detection of sphingomyelin exposure.
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DOI:
10.15252/embj.2022113012
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发表时间:
2023-09-04
期刊:
影响因子:
11.4
通讯作者:
Randow, Felix
Randow, Felix
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Boyle, Keith B.;Ellison, Cara J.;Elliott, Paul R.;Schuschnig, Martina;Grimes, Krista;Dionne, Marc S.;Sasakawa, Chihiro;Munro, Sean;Martens, Sascha;Randow, Felix

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入侵细菌通过最初摄入含细菌的液泡 (BCV) 和随后 BCV 膜的破裂进入宿主细胞的细胞质,从而暴露于细胞质腔内,否则会屏蔽危险信号,如聚糖和鞘磷脂。半乳糖凝集素 8 检测到的聚糖会触发抗菌自噬,但细胞如何感知和响应胞质中暴露的鞘磷脂仍不清楚。在这里,我们将 TECPR1(包含 1 的构造蛋白 β-螺旋桨重复序列)确定为胞质暴露的鞘磷脂的受体,它将 ATG5 募集到 E3 连接酶复合物中,独立于 ATG16L1 介导 LC3 的脂质缀合。 TECPR1 通过其 N 末端 DysF 结构域 (N'DysF) 结合鞘磷脂,这是其他哺乳动物 DysF 结构域所不具备的特征。通过解析 N'DysF 的晶体结构,我们确定了相互作用所需的关键残基,包括与鞘磷脂阳性膜结合以及 LC3 与脂质缀合所必需的溶剂暴露色氨酸 (W154)。因此,负责 LC3 缀合的 ATG5/ATG12-E3 连接酶的特异性是由可互换的受体亚基赋予的,即典型的 ATG16L1 和鞘磷脂特异性 TECPR1,其排列让人想起某些多亚基泛素 E3 连接酶。 TECPR1 检测细胞质中暴露的鞘磷脂,并将 ATG5/ATG12-E3 连接酶募集到受损的膜上,以独立于 ATG16L 介导 LC3 的脂质缀合。
Invasive bacteria enter the cytosol of host cells through initial uptake into bacteria‐containing vacuoles (BCVs) and subsequent rupture of the BCV membrane, thereby exposing to the cytosol intraluminal, otherwise shielded danger signals such as glycans and sphingomyelin. The detection of glycans by galectin‐8 triggers anti‐bacterial autophagy, but how cells sense and respond to cytosolically exposed sphingomyelin remains unknown. Here, we identify TECPR1 (tectonin beta‐propeller repeat containing 1) as a receptor for cytosolically exposed sphingomyelin, which recruits ATG5 into an E3 ligase complex that mediates lipid conjugation of LC3 independently of ATG16L1. TECPR1 binds sphingomyelin through its N‐terminal DysF domain (N'DysF), a feature not shared by other mammalian DysF domains. Solving the crystal structure of N'DysF, we identified key residues required for the interaction, including a solvent‐exposed tryptophan (W154) essential for binding to sphingomyelin‐positive membranes and the conjugation of LC3 to lipids. Specificity of the ATG5/ATG12‐E3 ligase responsible for the conjugation of LC3 is therefore conferred by interchangeable receptor subunits, that is, the canonical ATG16L1 and the sphingomyelin‐specific TECPR1, in an arrangement reminiscent of certain multi‐subunit ubiquitin E3 ligases. TECPR1 detects cytosolically‐exposed sphingomyelin and recruits ATG5/ATG12‐E3 ligase to damaged membranes to mediate lipid conjugation of LC3 independently of ATG16L.
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