In pursuit of a better world: crop improvement and the CGIAR.
In pursuit of a better world: crop improvement and the CGIAR.
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DOI：
10.1093/jxb/erab226
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发表时间：
2021-07-10
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Xu Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kholová J;Urban MO;Cock J;Arcos J;Arnaud E;Aytekin D;Azevedo V;Barnes AP;Ceccarelli S;Chavarriaga P;Cobb JN;Connor D;Cooper M;Craufurd P;Debouck D;Fungo R;Grando S;Hammer GL;Jara CE;Messina C;Mosquera G;Nchanji E;Ng EH;Prager S;Sankaran S;Selvaraj M;Tardieu F;Thornton P;Valdes-Gutierrez SP;van Etten J;Wenzl P;Xu Y
CGIAR 作物改良 (CI) 计划与商业 CI 计划不同，商业 CI 计划主要通过满足农民的需求来获取利润，它负责实现包括农民和整个社区在内的目标人群的多重目标。我们汇集了超过 30 名私营和公共部门专家关于关键战略、方法和活动的意见，这些战略、方法和活动可以帮助 CGIAR 应对向农民提供改良品种的挑战，同时实现以下目标：(i) 营养、健康和粮食安全； (ii) 减贫、生计和就业； (iii) 性别平等、青年和包容； (四) 气候适应和减缓； (v) 环境健康和生物多样性。我们回顾了作物改良过程，从作物选择开始，一直到育种目标、潜在新品种的生产、选择，最后被农民采用。多学科团队努力实现共同目标的重要性被强调为成功的关键因素。讨论和说明了不同学科、参与者的作用以及它们在从作物选择到农民采用的整个过程中的相互作用。本文件的产生是因为迫切需要联合起来（跨国家和研究学科）并共同努力改善全球最弱势群体的前景，他们的福祉依赖于农业生产。在这里，我们吸取过去的教训，并起草未来的战略指导方针，以促进国际农业研究磋商小组机构 (https://www.cgiar.org/) 的努力，通过作物改良来改善弱势群体的生计。
The CGIAR crop improvement (CI) programs, unlike commercial CI programs, which are mainly geared to profit though meeting farmers’ needs, are charged with meeting multiple objectives with target populations that include both farmers and the community at large. We compiled the opinions from >30 experts in the private and public sector on key strategies, methodologies, and activities that could the help CGIAR meet the challenges of providing farmers with improved varieties while simultaneously meeting the goals of: (i) nutrition, health, and food security; (ii) poverty reduction, livelihoods, and jobs; (iii) gender equality, youth, and inclusion; (iv) climate adaptation and mitigation; and (v) environmental health and biodiversity. We review the crop improvement processes starting with crop choice, moving through to breeding objectives, production of potential new varieties, selection, and finally adoption by farmers. The importance of multidisciplinary teams working towards common objectives is stressed as a key factor to success. The role of the distinct disciplines, actors, and their interactions throughout the process from crop choice through to adoption by farmers is discussed and illustrated. This document arose from the urgent need to join forces (across nations and research disciplines) and stand together to improve the prospects for the most vulnerable population on the globe whose well-being depends on agricultural production. Here, we learn from the past, and draft future strategic guidelines that will facilitate efforts of the CGIAR institutions (https://www.cgiar.org/) to enhance the livelihoods of the less privileged through crop improvement.
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影响因子：
6.6
作者：
Cock, James;Oberthuer, Thomas;Anderson, Einar
通讯作者：
Anderson, Einar
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
Ceccarelli S;Grando S
通讯作者：
Grando S
影响因子：
6.9
作者：
Anderson, JR
通讯作者：
Anderson, JR
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Barnes, AP
通讯作者：
Barnes, AP
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Bentley, J. W.
通讯作者：
Bentley, J. W.