High resolution structural and functional MRI of the hippocampus in young adults with Down syndrome.
High resolution structural and functional MRI of the hippocampus in young adults with Down syndrome.
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DOI：
10.1093/braincomms/fcab088
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Costa ACS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Koenig KA;Oh SH;Stasko MR;Roth EC;Taylor HG;Ruedrich S;Wang ZI;Leverenz JB;Costa ACS
唐氏综合征是21三体的表型结果，临床表现包括神经发育和神经退行性改变。尽管唐氏综合症患者通常表现出的智力障碍通常是全球性的，但它也涉及到海马体介导的认知过程中不成比例的缺陷。海马体功能障碍也可能与阿尔茨海默病类型的病理有关，这种疾病最早可以在生命的第一个十年出现，到40岁时变得普遍。应用7-特斯拉磁共振脑成像技术，对34例唐氏综合征患者(平均年龄24.5 岁±6.5岁)和27例年龄和性别匹配的典型健康对照组的海马体结构和功能进行了评估。除了全脑平均皮质厚度和侧脑室体积增加(P <； 1.0 × 10−4)外，唐氏综合征患者还显示出双侧海马角1区、齿状回和尾部的选择性体积减少(P <； 0.005)。在唐氏综合征组，双侧海马区的功能连接强度普遍降低，主要是额区(P <； 0.02)。在两组中，年龄与海马体体积或功能连通性指标均无关联，但两组均表现出与全脑体积指标相似的年龄关系(P <； 005)。最后，我们对唐氏综合症患者的一个亚组进行了探索性分析，包括影像和神经心理学评估。这一分析表明，空间记忆的测量与平均皮质厚度、总灰质体积和右侧大脑半球海马区体积相关(P <； 0.02)。这项工作首次证明了高场MRI在检测唐氏综合症患者海马区结构和功能上的细微差异的有效性，并暗示了在旨在调查认知功能增强的药理学研究中，开发MRI衍生的测量方法作为药物疗效替代标记物的潜力。唐氏综合症患者在由海马体调节的认知过程中表现出明显的缺陷。使用高分辨率核磁共振，Koenig等人。在唐氏综合症患者中，发现选定的海马亚区的体积减少和海马区同步性的广泛变化。
Down syndrome is the phenotypic consequence of trisomy 21, with clinical presentation including both neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative components. Although the intellectual disability typically displayed by individuals with Down syndrome is generally global, it also involves disproportionate deficits in hippocampally-mediated cognitive processes. Hippocampal dysfunction may also relate to Alzheimer’s disease-type pathology, which can appear in as early as the first decade of life and becomes universal by age 40. Using 7-tesla MRI of the brain, we present an assessment of the structure and function of the hippocampus in 34 individuals with Down syndrome (mean age 24.5 years ± 6.5) and 27 age- and sex-matched typically developing healthy controls. In addition to increased whole-brain mean cortical thickness and lateral ventricle volumes (P < 1.0 × 10−4), individuals with Down syndrome showed selective volume reductions in bilateral hippocampal subfields cornu Ammonis field 1, dentate gyrus, and tail (P < 0.005). In the group with Down syndrome, bilateral hippocampi showed widespread reductions in the strength of functional connectivity, predominately to frontal regions (P < 0.02). Age was not related to hippocampal volumes or functional connectivity measures in either group, but both groups showed similar relationships of age to whole-brain volume measures (P < 0.05). Finally, we performed an exploratory analysis of a subgroup of individuals with Down syndrome with both imaging and neuropsychological assessments. This analysis indicated that measures of spatial memory were related to mean cortical thickness, total grey matter volume and right hemisphere hippocampal subfield volumes (P < 0.02). This work provides a first demonstration of the usefulness of high-field MRI to detect subtle differences in structure and function of the hippocampus in individuals with Down syndrome, and suggests the potential for development of MRI-derived measures as surrogate markers of drug efficacy in pharmacological studies designed to investigate enhancement of cognitive function. Individuals with Down syndrome show distinct deficits in cognitive processes that are mediated by the hippocampus. Using high-resolution MRI, Koenig et al. find volume reductions of select hippocampal subfields and widespread changes in synchronicity of the hippocampus in individuals with Down syndrome.
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