Are 2-Year Colleges the Key? Institutional Variation and the Gender Gap in Undergraduate STEM Degrees

Are 2-Year Colleges the Key? Institutional Variation and the Gender Gap in Undergraduate STEM Degrees
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两年制大学是关键吗?

DOI:
10.1080/00221546.2018.1486641
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发表时间:
2018
期刊:
The Journal of Higher Education
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
D’Sa, Mitchell
D’Sa, Mitchell
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Perez-Felkner, Lara;Thomas, Kirby;Nix, Samantha;Hopkins, Jordan;D’Sa, Mitchell

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科学,技术,工程和数学(STEM)高等教育中的性别差距研究很少考虑两年制大学,尽管大多数入学者是女性。这项研究是在关于学生在STEM高等教育途径中的性别和不平等问题的跨学科文献中进行的,使用了《中学后学生入门:2004/2009年全国代表性小组数据》,涉及5 210名本科生。提出的主要研究问题是:最初的大学类型如何影响STEM本科学位的性别差距?首先,我们描述和说明了不同的模式,在男性和女性最初注册2年制和4年制的机构所获得的学位。利用丰富的控制措施,我们估计了一系列多元逻辑回归,以稳健地估计非STEM,社会/行为科学,生命科学和自然/工程科学学位领域的性别差距。从这些程度集群的结果是不同的,并强调了“干”作为一个伞类的局限性。大学类型对生命科学和社会/行为科学的影响更大;对自然/工程科学学位的影响主要由男性经历,特别是在学士学位获得者中。生命科学和自然/工程科学学士学位获得者之间的性别差距在最初两年的学生中更大(分别有利于女性和男性)。讨论的背景下,并提供了我们的研究结果的影响。
Studies of gender gaps in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) higher education have rarely considered 2-year colleges, despite the fact that most enrollees are women. Situated in an interdisciplinary literature on gender and inequality in students’ pathways to STEM higher education, this study used Beginning Postsecondary Students:2004/2009 nationally representative panel data on 5,210 undergraduate students. The primary research question posed was: How does initial college type influence the gender gap in STEM undergraduate degrees? First, we describe and illustrate distinct patterns in the degrees earned by men and women who initially enroll in 2-year and 4-year institutions. Leveraging rich control measures, we estimated a series of multivariate logistic regressions to robustly estimate gender gaps in non-STEM, social/behavioral sciences, life sciences, and natural/engineering sciences degree fields. Results from these degree clusters were distinct and underscored the limitations of “STEM” as an umbrella category. College type was more influential on the life sciences and social/behavioral sciences; effects on natural/engineering sciences degrees were experienced primarily by men, especially among baccalaureate degree earners. Gender gaps among life sciences and natural/engineering sciences bachelor’s degree earners were wider among initial 2-year students (favoring women and men, respectively). The discussion contextualizes and offers implications from our findings.
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