Female and male adolescents' subjective orientations to mathematics and the influence of those orientations on postsecondary majors.
Female and male adolescents' subjective orientations to mathematics and the influence of those orientations on postsecondary majors.
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女性和男性青少年对数学的主观取向以及这些取向对高等教育专业的影响。
DOI：
10.1037/a0027020
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Grogan, Erin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Perez-Felkner, Lara;McDonald, Sarah-Kathryn;Schneider, Barbara;Grogan, Erin
尽管在几个科学领域朝着性别平等迈出了重要的一步，但妇女在物理科学、工程、数学和计算机科学(PEMC)中的代表性仍然不足。这项研究考察了青少年的主观取向、选课和学业表现对大学攻读PEMC专业的可能性的影响。结果表明，在科学、技术、工程和数学(STEM)领域，种族和性别代表性不足是相互关联的，应该关注影响女性和少数民族女性青少年在这些领域的职业道路的交叉因素。在主修PEMC领域的人中，女性在主观取向方面与男性非常相似。主观取向对女性攻读PEMC专业的机会的影响因她们的中学数学课程完成程度而异。选修更多数学课程的女性更有可能主修PEMC专业；然而，仅仅选修课程并不能缩小在申报这些专业方面的性别差异。高中数学能力(通过10年级的标准化测试分数来衡量)似乎与女性选择社会、行为、临床和健康科学专业呈正相关。对于PEMC中的女性来说，这种联系不那么强烈(而且略有负面)。虽然参加高级课程似乎有助于女性选择PEMC专业，但进入这些领域的女性可能没有选择其他男性占主导地位的科学领域的女性那么强大。
Although important strides toward gender parity have been made in several scientific fields, women remain underrepresented in the physical sciences, engineering, mathematics, and computer sciences (PEMCs). This study examines the effects of adolescents' subjective orientations, course taking, and academic performance on the likelihood of majoring in PEMC in college. Results indicate that racial–ethnic and gender underrepresentation in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields are interrelated and should be examined with attention to the intersecting factors influencing female and racial–ethnic minority adolescents' pathways toward careers in these fields. Among those who major in PEMC fields, women closely resemble men with respect to their subjective orientations. The effects of subjective orientations on women's chances of majoring in PEMC vary by their secondary school mathematics course completion levels. Women who take more mathematics courses are more likely to major in PEMC; however, course taking alone does not attenuate gender disparities in declaring these majors. High mathematics ability (as measured by standardized test scores in the 10th grade) appears to be positively associated with women's selection of social, behavioral, clinical, and health science majors. This association is less robust (and slightly negative) for women in PEMC. While advanced course taking appears to assist women in selecting PEMC majors, women who enter these fields may not be as strong as those who select other, less male-dominated scientific fields.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
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