Mechanisms of Atomization from Rotary Dental Instruments and Its Mitigation.
Mechanisms of Atomization from Rotary Dental Instruments and Its Mitigation.
复制标题
旋转牙科仪器及其缓解的雾化机制。
DOI：
10.1177/0022034520979644
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发表时间：
2021-03
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Hardalupas Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sergis A;Wade WG;Gallagher JE;Morrell AP;Patel S;Dickinson CM;Nizarali N;Whaites E;Johnson J;Addison O;Hardalupas Y
自2019年冠状病毒病发病以来，牙科手术产生的喷雾排放（包括气溶胶和飞溅物）对严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型传播的潜在风险一直给医护人员和政策制定者带来挑战。新的研究描述了在模拟牙科手术过程中喷雾剂的产生和传播，但研究结果缺乏超出其测量设置的普遍性。本研究旨在描述与旋转牙科器械产生喷雾相关的基本机制，特别关注目前被认为是高风险的部件，即，可能在室内环境中长时间悬浮的小液滴的产生和高速液滴的扩散导致远表面的甲酸酯。通过高速成像和宽带或单色激光照明，对程序性喷雾进行参数化研究，变量包括转速、毛刺与牙齿的接触和冷却剂预热。估计了液滴速度，并生成了所有激光照射喷雾的概率密度图。考虑了不同冷却剂参数对仪表加热的影响。复杂结构的喷雾是由水冷旋转仪器产生的，在空气涡轮机的最坏情况下，液滴投射速度超过12米/秒，形成数百万个可能悬浮在空中的小液滴。消除预处理（在毛刺接触之前混合冷却水和空气）导致小液滴的显著减少，但径向雾化仍然可能发生，并通过毛刺与齿接触进行修改。空间概率分布映射确定了径向雾化的转速阈值在80,000到100,000 rpm之间。在这种操作模式下，切割效率降低，但似乎保持了足够的冷却剂效果。从旋转仪器中雾化流体存在多种机制，但在当前危机期间，可以控制参数以修改关键喷雾特性。
Since the onset of coronavirus disease 2019, the potential risk of dental procedural generated spray emissions (including aerosols and splatters), for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 transmission, has challenged care providers and policy makers alike. New studies have described the production and dissemination of sprays during simulated dental procedures, but findings lack generalizability beyond their measurements setting. This study aims to describe the fundamental mechanisms associated with spray production from rotary dental instrumentation with particular focus on what are currently considered high-risk components—namely, the production of small droplets that may remain suspended in the room environment for extended periods and the dispersal of high-velocity droplets resulting in formites at distant surfaces. Procedural sprays were parametrically studied with variables including rotation speed, burr-to-tooth contact, and coolant premisting modified and visualized using high-speed imaging and broadband or monochromatic laser light–sheet illumination. Droplet velocities were estimated and probability density maps for all laser illuminated sprays generated. The impact of varying the coolant parameters on heating during instrumentation was considered. Complex structured sprays were produced by water-cooled rotary instruments, which, in the worst case of an air turbine, included droplet projection speeds in excess of 12 m/s and the formation of millions of small droplets that may remain suspended. Elimination of premisting (mixing of coolant water and air prior to burr contact) resulted in a significant reduction in small droplets, but radial atomization may still occur and is modified by burr-to-tooth contact. Spatial probability distribution mapping identified a threshold for rotation speeds for radial atomization between 80,000 and 100,000 rpm. In this operatory mode, cutting efficiency is reduced but sufficient coolant effectiveness appears to be maintained. Multiple mechanisms for atomization of fluids from rotatory instrumentation exist, but parameters can be controlled to modify key spray characteristics during the current crisis.
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影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Adhikari, Atin;Kurella, Sushma;Mitra, Aniruddha
通讯作者：
Mitra, Aniruddha
影响因子：
11.8
作者：
To, Kelvin Kai-Wang;Tsang, Owen Tak-Yin;Yuen, Kwok-Yung
通讯作者：
Yuen, Kwok-Yung
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Allison JR;Currie CC;Edwards DC;Bowes C;Coulter J;Pickering K;Kozhevnikova E;Durham J;Nile CJ;Jakubovics N;Rostami N;Holliday R
通讯作者：
Holliday R
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
MICIK, RE;MILLER, RL;RYGE, G
通讯作者：
RYGE, G
DOI：
10.1080/15459620802633957
发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
2
作者：
Dutil, Steve;Meriaux, Anne;Duchaine, Caroline
通讯作者：
Duchaine, Caroline