Developmental Differences in Infants' Attention to Social and Nonsocial Threats.
Developmental Differences in Infants' Attention to Social and Nonsocial Threats.
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DOI：
10.1111/infa.12167
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发表时间：
2017-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Pérez-Edgar K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
LoBue V;Buss KA;Taber-Thomas BC;Pérez-Edgar K
研究表明，人类比非威胁性刺激更快地发现威胁性刺激。虽然文献假设对威胁的偏见应该是规范的，存在于发展的早期，在多种形式的威胁中很明显，并且在个体之间稳定，但这一领域的发展工作是有限的。在这里，我们使用一个新的适合年龄的点探测任务来研究婴儿（4到24个月大）对社会性（愤怒的面孔）和非社会性（蛇）威胁的注意的发育差异。在实验1中，婴儿的第一次注视更多的是蛇而不是青蛙，他们更快地注视着代替蛇和青蛙出现的探针。没有明显的年龄差异，这表明对蛇的感知偏见在生命早期就存在，并在婴儿期保持稳定。在实验2中，婴儿在看了任何包含愤怒脸的图片后，比看到包含快乐脸的图片更快地固定住探针。此外，婴儿对面部刺激的反应也存在与年龄相关的变化，在看到愤怒的脸后，他们在探针前看脸的时间普遍增加，而在看到愤怒的脸后，他们注视探针的潜伏期增加。总之，这项工作表明，不同的发展机制可能导致对社会威胁和非社会威胁的注意偏见。
Research has demonstrated that humans detect threatening stimuli more rapidly than nonthreatening stimuli. Although the literature presumes that biases for threat should be normative, present early in development, evident across multiple forms of threat, and stable across individuals, developmental work in this area is limited. Here, we examine the developmental differences in infants’ (4- to 24-month-olds) attention to social (angry faces) and nonsocial (snakes) threats using a new age-appropriate dot-probe task. In Experiment 1, infants’ first fixations were more often to snakes than to frogs, and they were faster to fixate probes that appeared in place of snakes vs. frogs. There were no significant age differences, suggesting that a perceptual bias for snakes is present early in life and stable across infancy. In Experiment 2, infants fixated probes more quickly after viewing any trials that contained an angry face compared to trials that contained a happy face. Further, there were age-related changes in infants’ responses to face stimuli, with a general increase in looking time to faces before the probe and an increase in latency to fixate the probe after seeing angry faces. Together, this work suggests that different developmental mechanisms may be responsible for attentional biases for social vs. nonsocial threats.
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影响因子：
3.1
作者：
MOGG, K;BRADLEY, BP;WILLIAMS, R
通讯作者：
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Mogg, K;Bradley, BP;Painter, M
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作者：
Buss, Kristin A.
通讯作者：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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