RNA-binding protein HuR autoregulates its expression by promoting alternative polyadenylation site usage.

RNA-binding protein HuR autoregulates its expression by promoting alternative polyadenylation site usage.
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DOI:
10.1093/nar/gkr783
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发表时间:
2012-01
影响因子:
14.9
通讯作者:
Makeyev EV
Makeyev EV
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dai W;Zhang G;Makeyev EV

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RNA 结合蛋白 HuR 调节编码细胞增殖、生长和生存途径重要成分的信使 RNA (mRNA) 的稳定性和翻译效率。与这些功能一致,HuR 水平在癌细胞中通常升高,而在衰老和静止细胞中降低。然而,人们对控制 HuR 表达的分子机制知之甚少。在这里,我们表明 HuR 蛋白通过负反馈回路自动调节其丰度,该负反馈回路涉及核 HuR 蛋白与富含 GU 的元件 (GRE) 的相互作用,该元件与 HuR 主要多聚腺苷酸化信号 (PAS2) 重叠。细胞 HuR 蛋白水平的增加会刺激含有富含 AU 的元件 (ARE) 的长 HuR mRNA 种类的表达,从而使 mRNA 不稳定,从而减少蛋白质产量。 PAS2 通读是由于在 GRE 结合的 HuR 存在的情况下前体 mRNA 裂解刺激因子的 CstF-64 亚基募集减少而发生的。我们认为这种机制维持增殖细胞中的 HuR 稳态。由于预计只有核 HuR 有助于自动调节,因此我们的模型可以解释长期以来的观察结果,即癌细胞中总 HuR 表达的增加通常与其大部分在细胞质中的积累相关。
RNA-binding protein HuR modulates the stability and translational efficiency of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) encoding essential components of the cellular proliferation, growth and survival pathways. Consistent with these functions, HuR levels are often elevated in cancer cells and reduced in senescent and quiescent cells. However, the molecular mechanisms that control HuR expression are poorly understood. Here we show that HuR protein autoregulates its abundance through a negative feedback loop that involves interaction of the nuclear HuR protein with a GU-rich element (GRE) overlapping with the HuR major polyadenylation signal (PAS2). An increase in the cellular HuR protein levels stimulates the expression of long HuR mRNA species containing an AU-rich element (ARE) that destabilizes the mRNAs and thus reduces the protein production output. The PAS2 read-through occurs due to a reduced recruitment of the CstF-64 subunit of the pre-mRNA cleavage stimulation factor in the presence of the GRE-bound HuR. We propose that this mechanism maintains HuR homeostasis in proliferating cells. Since only the nuclear HuR is expected to contribute to the auto-regulation, our model may explain the longstanding observation that the increase in the total HuR expression in cancer cells often correlates with the accumulation of its substantial fraction in the cytoplasm.
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