Inflammatory markers are altered in severe mental disorders independent of comorbid cardiometabolic disease risk factors
Inflammatory markers are altered in severe mental disorders independent of comorbid cardiometabolic disease risk factors
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严重精神障碍中炎症标志物的改变与合并的心脏代谢疾病危险因素无关
作者：
R. Mørch;I. Dieset;A. Færden;E. Reponen;S. Hope;E. Hoseth;Erlend Gardsjord;M. Aas;T. Iversen;I. Joa;G. Morken;I. Agartz;I. Melle;P. Aukrust;S. Djurovic;T. Ueland;O. Andreassen
摘要背景炎症和免疫激活与严重精神障碍和心血管疾病（CVD）的发病机制有关。尽管合并症水平很高，但许多关于严重精神障碍中免疫系统的研究尚未系统地考虑心脏代谢危险因素。方法 我们调查了精神分裂症 (SCZ) 和情感 (AFF) 疾病中炎症标志物是否升高，而与共病 CVD 危险因素无关。在 n = 992 名患者（SCZ、AFF）和 n = 647 名健康对照中测量了心脏代谢危险因素（血脂、体重指数和葡萄糖）和 CVD 相关炎症标志物 CXCL16、可溶性白细胞介素 2 受体 (sIL-2R)、可溶性 CD14 (sCD14)、巨噬细胞抑制因子和活化白细胞粘附分子 (ALCAM)。我们分析了控制共病心脏代谢危险因素之前和之后的炎症标志物，并测试了与精神药物和症状水平的关联。结果 控制混杂因素后，与对照组相比，患者的 CXCL16 (p = 0.03) 和 sIL-2R (p = 7.8 × 10−5) 较高，而 sCD14 (p = 0.05) 较低，CXCL16 (p = 0.04) 和 sIL-2R (p = 1.1 × 10−5) 的 SCZ 存在显着差异。调整心脏代谢危险因素后，SCZ 中仍保留较高水平的 sIL-2R（p = 0.001）和较低水平的 sCD14（p = 0.002）（sIL-2R，p = 3.0 × 10−4 和 sCD14，p = 0.01）。调整显示患者的 ALCAM 水平较低 (p = 0.03)。我们发现与精神药物或症状水平没有显着关联。结论 结果表明，炎症，特别是 T 细胞活化增强和单核细胞活化受损，与严重精神障碍相关，与合并的心脏代谢危险因素无关。这表明新的病理生理机制在严重精神障碍（尤其是 SCZ）中发挥作用。
Abstract Background Inflammation and immune activation have been implicated in the pathogenesis of severe mental disorders and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Despite high level of comorbidity, many studies of the immune system in severe mental disorders have not systematically taken cardiometabolic risk factors into account. Methods We investigated if inflammatory markers were increased in schizophrenia (SCZ) and affective (AFF) disorders independently of comorbid CVD risk factors. Cardiometabolic risk factors (blood lipids, body mass index and glucose) and CVD-related inflammatory markers CXCL16, soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R), soluble CD14 (sCD14), macrophage inhibitory factor and activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) were measured in n = 992 patients (SCZ, AFF), and n = 647 healthy controls. We analyzed the inflammatory markers before and after controlling for comorbid cardiometabolic risk factors, and tested for association with psychotropic medication and symptom levels. Results CXCL16 (p = 0.03) and sIL-2R (p = 7.8 × 10−5) were higher, while sCD14 (p = 0.05) were lower in patients compared to controls after controlling for confounders, with significant differences in SCZ for CXCL16 (p = 0.04) and sIL-2R (p = 1.1 × 10−5). After adjustment for cardiometabolic risk factors higher levels of sIL-2R (p = 0.001) and lower sCD14 (p = 0.002) remained, also in SCZ (sIL-2R, p = 3.0 × 10−4 and sCD14, p = 0.01). The adjustment revealed lower ALCAM levels (p = 0.03) in patients. We found no significant associations with psychotropic medication or symptom levels. Conclusion The results indicate that inflammation, in particular enhanced T cell activation and impaired monocyte activation, are associated with severe mental disorders independent of comorbid cardiometabolic risk factors. This suggests a role of novel pathophysiological mechanisms in severe mental disorders, particularly SCZ.
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影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Andreassen, Ole A.;Djurovic, Srdjan;Dale, Anders M.
通讯作者：
Dale, Anders M.
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Ripke, Stephan;Neale, Benjamin M.;Corvin, Aiden;Walters, James T. R.;Farh, Kai-How;Holmans, Peter A.;Lee, Phil;Bulik-Sullivan, Brendan;Collier, David A.;Huang, Hailiang;Pers, Tune H.;Agartz, Ingrid;Agerbo, Esben;Albus, Margot;Alexander, Madeline;Amin, Farooq;Bacanu, Silviu A.;Begemann, Martin;Belliveau, Richard A., Jr.;Bene, Judit;Bergen, Sarah E.;Bevilacqua, Elizabeth;Bigdeli, Tim B.;Black, Donald W.;Bruggeman, Richard;Buccola, Nancy G.;Buckner, Randy L.;Byerley, William;Cahn, Wiepke;Cai, Guiqing;Campion, Dominique;Cantor, Rita M.;Carr, Vaughan J.;Carrera, Noa;Catts, Stanley V.;Chambert, Kimberly D.;Chan, Raymond C. K.;Chen, Ronald Y. L.;Chen, Eric Y. H.;Cheng, Wei;Cheung, Eric F. C.;Chong, Siow Ann;Cloninger, C. Robert;Cohen, David;Cohen, Nadine;Cormican, Paul;Craddock, Nick;Crowley, James J.;Curtis, David;Davidson, Michael;Davis, Kenneth L.;Degenhardt, Franziska;Del Favero, Jurgen;Demontis, Ditte;Dikeos, Dimitris;Dinan, Timothy;Djurovic, Srdjan;Donohoe, Gary;Drapeau, Elodie;Duan, Jubao;Dudbridge, Frank;Durmishi, Naser;Eichhammer, Peter;Eriksson, Johan;Escott-Price, Valentina;Essioux, Laurent;Fanous, Ayman H.;Farrell, Martilias S.;Frank, Josef;Franke, Lude;Freedman, Robert;Freimer, Nelson B.;Friedl, Marion;Friedman, Joseph I.;Fromer, Menachem;Genovese, Giulio;Georgieva, Lyudmila;Giegling, Ina;Giusti-Rodriguez, Paola;Godard, Stephanie;Goldstein, Jacqueline I.;Golimbet, Vera;Gopal, Srihari;Gratten, Jacob;de Haan, Lieuwe;Hammer, Christian;Hamshere, Marian L.;Hansen, Mark;Hansen, Thomas;Haroutunian, Vahram;Hartmann, Annette M.;Henskens, Frans A.;Herms, Stefan;Hirschhorn, Joel N.;Hoffmann, Per;Hofman, Andrea;Hollegaard, Mads V.;Hougaard, David M.;Ikeda, Masashi;Joa, Inge;Julia, Antonio;Kahn, Rene S.;Kalaydjieva, Luba;Karachanak-Yankova, Sena;Karjalainen, Juha;Kavanagh, David;Keller, Matthew C.;Kennedy, James L.;Khrunin, Andrey;Kim, Yunjung;Klovins, Janis;Knowles, James A.;Konte, Bettina;Kucinskas, Vaidutis;Kucinskiene, Zita Ausrele;Kuzelova-Ptackova, Hana;Kahler, Anna K.;Laurent, Claudine;Keong, Jimmy Lee Chee;Lee, S. Hong;Legge, Sophie E.;Lerer, Bernard;Li, Miaoxin;Li, Tao;Liang, Kung-Yee;Lieberman, Jeffrey;Limborska, Svetlana;Loughland, Carmel M.;Lubinski, Jan;Lonnqvist, Jouko;Macek, Milan, Jr.;Magnusson, Patrik K. E.;Maher, Brion S.;Maier, Wolfgang;Mallet, Jacques;Marsal, Sara;Mattheisen, Manuel;Mattingsdal, Morten;McCarley, Robert W.;McDonald, Colm;McIntosh, Andrew M.;Meier, Sandra;Meijer, Carin J.;Melegh, Bela;Melle, Ingrid;Mesholam-Gately, Raquelle I.;Metspalu, Andres;Michie, Patricia T.;Milani, Lili;Milanova, Vihra;Mokrab, Younes;Morris, Derek W.;Mors, Ole;Murphy, Kieran C.;Murray, Robin M.;Myin-Germeys, Inez;Mueller-Myhsok, Bertram;Nelis, Mari;Nenadic, Igor;Nertney, Deborah A.;Nestadt, Gerald;Nicodemus, Kristin K.;Nikitina-Zake, Liene;Nisenbaum, Laura;Nordin, Annelie;O'Callaghan, Eadbhard;O'Dushlaine, Colm;O'Neill, F. Anthony;Oh, Sang-Yun;Olincy, Ann;Olsen, Line;Van Os, Jim;Pantelis, Christos;Papadimitriou, George N.;Papiol, Sergi;Parkhomenko, Elena;Pato, Michele T.;Paunio, Tiina;Pejovic-Milovancevic, Milica;Perkins, Diana O.;Pietilainen, Olli;Pimm, Jonathan;Pocklington, Andrew J.;Powell, John;Price, Alkes;Pulver, Ann E.;Purcell, Shaun M.;Quested, Digby;Rasmussen, Henrik B.;Reichenberg, Abraham;Reimers, Mark A.;Richards, Alexander L.;Roffman, Joshua L.;Roussos, Panos;Ruderfer, Douglas M.;Salomaa, Veikko;Sanders, Alan R.;Schall, Ulrich;Schubert, Christian R.;Schulze, Thomas G.;Schwab, Sibylle G.;Scolnick, Edward M.;Scott, Rodney J.;Seidman, Larry J.;Shi, Jianxin;Sigurdsson, Engilbert;Silagadze, Teimuraz;Silverman, Jeremy M.;Sim, Kang;Slominsky, Petr;Smoller, Jordan W.;So, Hon-Cheong;Spencer, Chris C. A.;Stahl, Eli A.;Stefansson, Hreinn;Steinberg, Stacy;Stogmann, Elisabeth;Straub, Richard E.;Strengman, Eric;Strohmaier, Jana;Stroup, T. Scott;Subramaniam, Mythily;Suvisaari, Jaana;Svrakic, Dragan M.;Szatkiewicz, Jin P.;Soderman, Erik;Thirumalai, Srinivas;Toncheva, Draga;Tosato, Sarah;Veijola, Juha;Waddington, John;Walsh, Dermot;Wang, Dai;Wang, Qiang;Webb, Bradley T.;Weiser, Mark;Wildenauer, Dieter B.;Williams, Nigel M.;Williams, Stephanie;Witt, Stephanie H.;Wolen, Aaron R.;Wong, Emily H. M.;Wormley, Brandon K.;Xi, Hualin Simon;Zai, Clement C.;Zheng, Xuebin;Zimprich, Fritz;Wray, Naomi R.;Stefansson, Kari;Visscher, Peter M.;Adolfsson, Rolf;Andreassen, Ole A.;Blackwood, Douglas H. R.;Bramon, Elvira;Buxbaum, Joseph D.;Borglum, Anders D.;Cichon, Sven;Darvasi, Ariel;Domenici, Enrico;Ehrenreich, Hannelore;Esko, Tonu;Gejman, Pablo V.;Gill, Michael;Gurling, Hugh;Hultman, Christina M.;Iwata, Nakao;Jablensky, Assen V.;Jonsson, Erik G.;Kendler, Kenneth S.;Kirov, George;Knight, Jo;Lencz, Todd;Levinson, Douglas F.;Li, Qingqin S.;Liu, Jianjun;Malhotra, Anil K.;McCarroll, Steven A.;McQuillin, Andrew;Moran, Jennifer L.;Mortensen, Preben B.;Mowry, Bryan J.;Noethen, Markus M.;Ophoff, Roel A.;Owen, Michael J.;Palotie, Aarno;Pato, Carlos N.;Petryshen, Tracey L.;Posthuma, Danielle;Rietschel, Marcella;Riley, Brien P.;Rujescu, Dan;Sham, Pak C.;Sklar, Pamela;St Clair, David;Weinberger, Daniel R.;Wendland, Jens R.;Werge, Thomas;Daly, Mark J.;Sullivan, Patrick F.;O'Donovan, Michael C.
通讯作者：
O'Donovan, Michael C.
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
McKibben, Rebeccah A.;Margolick, Joseph B.;Post, Wendy S.
通讯作者：
Post, Wendy S.
DOI：
10.1176/appi.ajp.2009.09030361
发表时间：
2010-03
期刊：
The American journal of psychiatry
影响因子：
--
作者：
Brown AS;Derkits EJ
通讯作者：
Derkits EJ
DOI：
10.1016/s2215-0366(14)00122-9
发表时间：
2015-03
期刊：
The lancet. Psychiatry
影响因子：
--
作者：
Khandaker GM;Cousins L;Deakin J;Lennox BR;Yolken R;Jones PB
通讯作者：
Jones PB