Glucocorticoid inhibition of neurohypophysial vasopressin secretion.
Glucocorticoid inhibition of neurohypophysial vasopressin secretion.
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糖皮质激素抑制神经垂体加压素的分泌。
作者：
H. Raff
一些证据表明，神经垂体后叶加压素分泌受到糖皮质激素负反馈的影响。临床和实验肾上腺功能不全的研究表明，伴随该综合征的水排泄受损可能是由于抗利尿激素水平升高。此外，在肾上腺功能不全中观察到的水排泄受损和血管加压素水平升高可能通过糖皮质激素治疗而正常化。这个话题仍然存在争议，有大量证据表明肾上腺功能不全时抗利尿激素升高不是由于中枢类固醇负反馈的丧失，而是由于血浆体积渗透压的改变（肾脏机制）。在正常人和动物中，抗利尿激素对各种刺激（出血、缺氧、高渗盐水）的反应似乎可以通过糖皮质激素预处理而减弱或消除。然而，血管加压能系统对负反馈的敏感性明显低于促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）系统。有证据表明，这种抑制作用的位点直接位于垂体后叶和下丘脑。皮质类固醇的负反馈不太可能关闭直接的下丘脑-神经-垂体-肾上腺皮质反馈回路。由于神经垂体后叶加压素参与ACTH分泌的控制，糖皮质激素对神经垂体后叶加压素的调节更有可能是ACTH分泌整体负反馈控制的一个组成部分。糖皮质激素抑制抗利尿激素分泌的生理作用仍在推测中。
Several lines of evidence have suggested that neurohypophysial vasopressin secretion is under the influence of glucocorticoid negative feedback. Studies in clinical and experimental adrenal insufficiency have suggested that the impaired water excretion accompanying that syndrome may be due to elevated vasopressin levels. Furthermore, both the impaired water excretion and elevated vasopressin levels observed in adrenal insufficiency may be normalized by glucocorticoid treatment. This topic remains controversial, with a considerable body of evidence suggesting that vasopressin is elevated during adrenal insufficiency not because of a loss of central steroid negative feedback but because of alterations in plasma volume osmolality (renal mechanisms). Vasopressin responses to a variety of stimuli (hemorrhage, hypoxia, hypertonic saline) in normal humans and animals appear to be attenuated or eliminated by pretreatment with glucocorticoids. However, the vasopressinergic system appears to be considerably less sensitive to negative feedback than the corticotropin-releasing factor-adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) system. There is evidence that the locus for this inhibitory effect is both directly at the posterior pituitary and within the hypothalamus. It is unlikely that corticosteroid negative feedback closes a direct hypothalamo-neurohypophysial-adrenocortical feedback loop. Since neurohypophysial vasopressin is involved in the control of ACTH secretion, it is more likely that the modulation of neurohypophysial vasopressin by glucocorticoid is an integral part of the overall negative-feedback control of ACTH secretion. The physiological role of glucocorticoid inhibition of vasopressin secretion remains speculative.
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DOI：
10.1172/jci110840
发表时间：
1983
期刊：
The Journal of clinical investigation
影响因子：
--
作者：
Keller-Wood,ME;Shinsako,J;Dallman,MF
通讯作者：
Dallman,MF
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影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Raff,H;Shinsako,J;Keil,LC;Dallman,MF
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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肾上腺切除术后下丘脑核中神经垂体肽含量变化的定量。
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Robinson,AG;Seif,SM;Verbalis,JG;Brownstein,MJ
通讯作者：
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