An investigation of perceived vehicle speed from a driver's perspective.
An investigation of perceived vehicle speed from a driver's perspective.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0185347
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Luo G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wu C;Yu D;Doherty A;Zhang T;Kust L;Luo G
驾驶员自身车辆和其他车辆在道路上行驶的速度估计是驾驶员的一项重要任务，也是道路安全的关键。这项研究的目的是考察多个因素，如图像规模、速度、道路类型、驾驶经验和性别对司机自己车辆的速度感知的影响。30名参与者包括17名男性和13名女性，其中13人没有驾驶经验。所有参与者都估计了192个5秒的视频片段的驾驶速度，这些视频片段是从自然驾驶记录中挑选出来的。记录的驾驶速度均匀分布在每小时5英里到65英里的整个范围内。一半的选定视频片段是在宽阔的道路上录制的，另一半是在相对较窄的道路上录制的。视频剪辑在大屏幕上播放，每个剪辑以4种图像比例(真实世界中实际视场的100%、75%、50%和38%)之一显示。对于最小的图像大小(实际视场的38%)，速度估计最为准确。随着图像尺寸的增大，驾驶速度越来越被低估。有驾驶经验的参与者准确估计了宽窄道路上的驾驶速度，而没有驾驶经验的参与者在宽阔道路上的估计更低。最准确的速度估计范围是25-35英里每小时，但低于该范围的速度往往被高估，而高于该范围的速度更有可能被低估。虽然男性和女性在速度组中表现出相同的模式，但女性在最高速度组和最低速度组的估计误差更大。没有驾驶经验的参与者显示，随着驾驶速度的增加，他们对速度的低估程度越来越高，而有驾驶经验的参与者主要低估了最高速度。本研究从驾驶员的角度揭示了多维影响因素对感知车速的影响。研究结果对驾驶模拟场景的设计、驾驶模拟器的设置以及模拟和自然环境中速度控制的评估也有一定的指导意义。
Speed estimation of drivers’ own vehicles and other vehicles on the road is an important task for drivers and is also crucial to the roadway safety. The objective of the study was to examine the effects of multiple factors such as image scale, speed, road type, driving experience, and gender on the speed perception of drivers’ own vehicles. Thirty participants consisted of 17 males and 13 females, including 13 without driving experience. All participants estimated the driving speed of 192 5-second video clips, which were selected from naturalistic driving recordings. The recorded driving speeds were evenly distributed across the entire range from 5mph to 65mph. Half of the selected video clips were recorded on wide roads and another half were recorded on comparatively narrow roads. Video clips were played on a large screen, with each clip shown in one of 4 image scales (100%, 75%, 50%, and 38% of the actual field of view in the real world). Speed estimates were most accurate for the smallest image size (38% of the actual field of view). As the image size increased, the driving speed was increasingly underestimated. Participants with driving experience accurately estimated the driving speed on both wide and narrow roads whereas those without driving experience had greater underestimates on wider roads. Speeds were most accurately estimated within the range 25-35mph, but the speeds slower than the range tend to be overestimated and the speeds faster than the range are more likely to be underestimated. While males and females showed the same pattern across speed groups, females have greater estimation errors at the highest and lowest speed groups. Participants without driving experience showed increasing underestimation of speed as driving speed increased whereas participants with driving experience primarily underestimated the highest speeds. The present study shows the effect of multidimensional influential factors on perceived vehicle speed from drivers’ perspective. The results also have implications for driving simulation scenario design, driving simulator setup, and the assessment of speed control in simulated and naturalistic environments.
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