Vitamin B12 among Vegetarians: Status, Assessment and Supplementation.
Vitamin B12 among Vegetarians: Status, Assessment and Supplementation.
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DOI：
10.3390/nu8120767
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发表时间：
2016-11-29
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Vitale SG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rizzo G;Laganà AS;Rapisarda AM;La Ferrera GM;Buscema M;Rossetti P;Nigro A;Muscia V;Valenti G;Sapia F;Sarpietro G;Zigarelli M;Vitale SG
钴胺素是人类必需的分子。它通过甲基化和分子重排充当单碳转移的辅助因子。这些功能发生在脂肪酸、氨基酸和核酸代谢途径中。维生素 B12 缺乏在临床上表现为血液和神经系统，其中钴胺素在细胞复制和脂肪酸代谢中发挥着关键作用。维生素缺乏症是由于吸收不足、改变体内运输的遗传缺陷或饮食导致的摄入不足引起的。随着西方国家越来越多地采用素食饮食方式，人们越来越关注排除动物性食品的饮食是否足够。由于这些国家的粮食供应不成问题，因此植物性食品也足够充足，因此最微妙的问题仍然是钴胺素的贡献，而钴胺素在植物中的含量很少。在这篇综述中，我们将通过描述维生素 B12 的特性和功能及其吸收机制，讨论素食者中维生素 B12 的状况、检测钴胺素缺乏的诊断标志物以及充足摄入的适当来源。
Cobalamin is an essential molecule for humans. It acts as a cofactor in one-carbon transfers through methylation and molecular rearrangement. These functions take place in fatty acid, amino acid and nucleic acid metabolic pathways. The deficiency of vitamin B12 is clinically manifested in the blood and nervous system where the cobalamin plays a key role in cell replication and in fatty acid metabolism. Hypovitaminosis arises from inadequate absorption, from genetic defects that alter transport through the body, or from inadequate intake as a result of diet. With the growing adoption of vegetarian eating styles in Western countries, there is growing focus on whether diets that exclude animal foods are adequate. Since food availability in these countries is not a problem, and therefore plant foods are sufficiently adequate, the most delicate issue remains the contribution of cobalamin, which is poorly represented in plants. In this review, we will discuss the status of vitamin B12 among vegetarians, the diagnostic markers for the detection of cobalamin deficiency and appropriate sources for sufficient intake, through the description of the features and functions of vitamin B12 and its absorption mechanism.
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影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Appleby, P.;Roddam, A.;Key, T.
通讯作者：
Key, T.
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
ADAMS, JF
通讯作者：
ADAMS, JF
影响因子：
7.1
作者：
ARMSTRON.BK;DAVIS, RE;LARWOOD, CJ
通讯作者：
LARWOOD, CJ
DOI：
10.1051/lait:199919
发表时间：
1999-01-01
期刊：
LAIT
影响因子：
--
作者：
Babuchowski, A;Laniewska-Moroz, L;Warminska-Radyko, I
通讯作者：
Warminska-Radyko, I
影响因子：
16.2
作者：
Bauman, WA;Shaw, S;Herbert, V
通讯作者：
Herbert, V