Rapid clinical assessment to facilitate the triage of adults with falciparum malaria, a retrospective analysis.

Rapid clinical assessment to facilitate the triage of adults with falciparum malaria, a retrospective analysis.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0087020
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发表时间:
2014
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Dondorp AM
Dondorp AM
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hanson J;Lee SJ;Mohanty S;Faiz MA;Anstey NM;Price RN;Charunwatthana P;Yunus EB;Mishra SK;Tjitra E;Rahman R;Nosten F;Htut Y;Maude RJ;Chau TT;Phu NH;Hien TT;White NJ;Day NP;Dondorp AM

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大多数死于恶性疟疾的成年人将在住院后48小时内死亡。早期支持性护理的一个重要组成部分是快速识别风险最大的患者。在资源匮乏的环境中,大多数恶性疟疾患者都得到了管理,因此,有关患者护理的决定往往只能通过临床评估作出。我们回顾性分析了4项研究的1801名成人严重恶性疟疾,以确定是否存在简单的临床表现可能有助于病人分诊。如果入院时存在休克、少尿、低或高血糖、呼吸频率增加、格拉斯哥昏迷评分降低和无发热,则是死亡的独立预测因素。这些变量被用来构建一个简单的临床算法。当应用于1801例患者时,该算法对48小时生存率的阳性预测值为99.4(95%置信区间(CI)97.8-99.9),对出院生存率的阳性预测值为96.9%(95% CI 94.3-98.5)。在712名接受青蒿琥酯治疗的患者中,该算法对生存至48小时的阳性预测值为100%(95%CI 97.3-100),出院为98.5%(95%CI 94.8-99.8)。简单的临床发现与成人严重恶性疟疾的病理生理学密切相关。一个基本的算法,采用这些指数可以促进病人的分诊设置重症监护服务是有限的。被该算法归类为低风险的患者最初可以在普通病房安全管理,同时等待高级临床审查和实验室数据。
Most adults dying from falciparum malaria will die within 48 hours of their hospitalisation. An essential component of early supportive care is the rapid identification of patients at greatest risk. In resource-poor settings, where most patients with falciparum malaria are managed, decisions regarding patient care must frequently be made using clinical evaluation alone. We retrospectively analysed 4 studies of 1801 adults with severe falciparum malaria to determine whether the presence of simple clinical findings might assist patient triage. If present on admission, shock, oligo-anuria, hypo- or hyperglycaemia, an increased respiratory rate, a decreased Glasgow Coma Score and an absence of fever were independently predictive of death. The variables were used to construct a simple clinical algorithm. When applied to the 1801 patients, this algorithm’s positive predictive value for survival to 48 hours was 99.4 (95% confidence interval (CI) 97.8–99.9) and for survival to discharge 96.9% (95% CI 94.3–98.5). In the 712 patients receiving artesunate, the algorithm’s positive predictive value for survival to 48 hours was 100% (95% CI 97.3–100) and to discharge was 98.5% (95% CI 94.8–99.8). Simple clinical findings are closely linked to the pathophysiology of severe falciparum malaria in adults. A basic algorithm employing these indices can facilitate the triage of patients in settings where intensive care services are limited. Patients classified as low-risk by this algorithm can be safely managed initially on a general ward whilst awaiting senior clinical review and laboratory data.
高温温度可以在体外同步恶性疟原虫的生长。
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