Neurobiology of economic choice: a good-based model.

Neurobiology of economic choice: a good-based model.
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DOI:
10.1146/annurev-neuro-061010-113648
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发表时间:
2011
影响因子:
13.9
通讯作者:
Padoa-Schioppa C
Padoa-Schioppa C
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Padoa-Schioppa C

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传统上,经济选择是经济理论和实验心理学的研究对象,最近成为系统神经科学的一个活跃的研究热点。在这里,我总结了新出现的结果,并提出了一个统一的模型,经济选择如何在神经水平上发挥作用。经济选择需要比较在多个维度上不同的选项。因此,在选择时,个人将不同的决定因素整合到一个主观价值中;然后通过比较价值来做出决定。根据基于商品的模型,不同商品的价值是相互独立计算的,这意味着传递性。价值观不是这样学习的,而是在选择的时候计算出来的。最重要的是,价值是在商品的空间内进行比较的,与选择的感觉运动偶然性无关。来自神经生理学、影像学和损伤研究的证据表明,价值的抽象表征存在于眶额和腹内侧前额叶皮质。因此,值的计算和比较可以在这些区域内进行。
Traditionally the object of economic theory and experimental psychology, economic choice recently became a lively research focus in systems neuroscience. Here I summarize the emerging results and I propose a unifying model of how economic choice might function at the neural level. Economic choice entails comparing options that vary on multiple dimensions. Hence, while choosing, individuals integrate different determinants into a subjective value; decisions are then made by comparing values. According to the good-based model, the values of different goods are computed independently of one another, which implies transitivity. Values are not learned as such, but rather computed at the time of choice. Most importantly, values are compared within the space of goods, independent of the sensori-motor contingencies of choice. Evidence from neurophysiology, imaging and lesion studies indicates that abstract representations of value exist in the orbitofrontal and ventromedial prefrontal cortices. The computation and comparison of values may thus take place within these regions.
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