Exploring the relationship between perceptual learning and top-down attentional control.
Exploring the relationship between perceptual learning and top-down attentional control.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.visres.2012.07.008
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发表时间：
2012-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Serences JT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Byers A;Serences JT
在此，我们回顾了自上而下的注意在知觉学习的习得和表达中的作用，以及学习在更有效地指导注意调节中的作用。虽然注意力通常在训练开始时调节学习，但即使刺激物与任务无关或被忽略，也可以观察到许多与学习相关的特征行为和神经变化。然而，根据任务需求，注意力可以覆盖感知学习的影响，这表明即使自上而下的因素不是观察学习的严格必要条件，但它们在决定行为和神经活动的学习相关变化最终如何表达方面发挥了关键作用。反过来，训练也可以通过提高感官增益调节的效率、调节内在噪声和改变感官信息的读出来优化自上而下的注意力控制的有效性。
Here, we review the role of top-down attention in both the acquisition and the expression of perceptual learning, as well as the role of learning in more efficiently guiding attentional modulations. Although attention often mediates learning at the outset of training, many of the characteristic behavioral and neural changes associated with learning can be observed even when stimuli are task irrelevant and ignored. However, depending on task demands, attention can override the effects of perceptual learning, suggesting that even if top-down factors are not strictly necessary to observe learning, they play a critical role in determining how learning-related changes in behavior and neural activity are ultimately expressed. In turn, training may also act to optimize the effectiveness of top-down attentional control by improving the efficiency of sensory gain modulations, regulating intrinsic noise, and altering the read-out of sensory information.
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