Accumulation of cadmium in insulin-producing β cells.

Accumulation of cadmium in insulin-producing β cells.
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镉在产生胰岛素的β细胞中的积累。

DOI:
10.4161/isl.23101
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发表时间:
2012-11
期刊:
影响因子:
2.2
通讯作者:
Lowe WL Jr
Lowe WL Jr
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
El Muayed M;Raja MR;Zhang X;MacRenaris KW;Bhatt S;Chen X;Urbanek M;O'Halloran TV;Lowe WL Jr

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有证据表明,慢性低水平镉暴露损害胰岛素分泌β细胞的功能,并可能与2型糖尿病。在此,我们描述了原代人类胰岛中的镉含量,并定义了环境相关的镉浓度在培养的β细胞中的吸收动力学和影响。来自10名非糖尿病人类受试者的胰岛中的平均镉含量为29 ± 7 nmol/g蛋白质(范围为7至72 nmol/g蛋白质)。将β细胞株MIN 6暴露于0.1 - 1.0 µmol/L的CdCl 2浓度下,在72 h内对镉的摄取具有剂量和时间依赖性。这种吸收导致金属硫蛋白表达的诱导,可能增强细胞镉积累。此外,镉的积累导致抑制葡萄糖刺激的胰岛素分泌在MIN 6细胞和原代小鼠胰岛。我们的研究结果表明,β细胞功能的这种损害不是由于细胞死亡的增加或由于氧化应激的增加。我们的结论是,小鼠β细胞积累镉的剂量和时间依赖性的方式在一个较长的时间过程中,在环境相关的浓度。这种摄取导致β细胞功能的功能性损害,而细胞活力、对β细胞功能重要的基因表达或氧化应激增加无显著改变。
Evidence suggests that chronic low level cadmium exposure impairs the function of insulin-producing β cells and may be associated with type-2 diabetes mellitus. Herein, we describe the cadmium content in primary human islets and define the uptake kinetics and effects of environmentally relevant cadmium concentrations in cultured β cells. The average cadmium content in islets from 10 non-diabetic human subjects was 29 ± 7 nmol/g protein (range 7 to 72 nmol/g protein). Exposure of the β-cell line MIN6 to CdCl2 concentrations between 0.1 and 1.0 µmol/L resulted in a dose- and time-dependent uptake of cadmium over 72 h. This uptake resulted in an induction of metallthionein expression, likely enhancing cellular cadmium accumulation. Furthermore, cadmium accumulation resulted in an inhibition of glucose stimulated insulin secretion in MIN6 cells and primary mouse islets. Our results indicate that this impairment in β-cell function is not due to an increase in cell death or due to an increase in oxidative stress. We conclude that mouse β cells accumulate cadmium in a dose- and time-dependent manner over a prolonged time course at environmentally relevant concentrations. This uptake leads to a functional impairment of β-cell function without significant alterations in cell viability, expression of genes important for β-cell function or increase in oxidative stress.
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