Gently Does It: Humans Outperform a Software Classifier in Recognizing Subtle, Nonstereotypical Facial Expressions
Gently Does It: Humans Outperform a Software Classifier in Recognizing Subtle, Nonstereotypical Facial Expressions
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轻轻地做：人类在识别微妙的、非刻板的面部表情方面胜过软件分类器
作者：
N. Yitzhak;Nir Giladi;T. Gurevich;D. Messinger;E. Prince;Katherine B. Martin;Hillel Aviezer
根据主流情感理论，人类天生地、普遍地通过特定的典型面部活动来表达一系列情绪。因此，成千上万的研究使用一系列高度紧张和刻板的面部表情来测试情绪识别，但它们在现实生活中的发生率实际上是未知的。事实上，一个普遍的经验是，情感是以微妙和非原型的形式表达的。这种面部表情是当前研究的重点。在实验1中，我们提出了一种新的刺激集的开发和验证，该刺激集由动态和微妙的情绪面部表情组成，而不限制表达者使用原型配置。尽管这些微妙的表情比原型动态表情更难识别，但它们仍然被人类评分者很好地识别出来，也许最重要的是，它们被评为比原型表情更生态、更自然。在实验2中，我们通过使用原型基本情感标准的软件分类器来检测微妙表情与原型表情的特征。尽管该软件在分类原型表情方面非常成功，但在分类微妙表情方面却表现得非常糟糕。从人类面部编码专家那里得到了进一步的验证：微妙的刺激不包含原型表情中存在的许多关键面部运动。总之，这些发现表明，情感可以通过微妙的非原型表情成功地传达给人类观众。虽然经典的原型面部表情很容易识别，但它们看起来不太自然，可能无法捕捉到日常情感交流的丰富性。
According to dominant theories of affect, humans innately and universally express a set of emotions using specific configurations of prototypical facial activity. Accordingly, thousands of studies have tested emotion recognition using sets of highly intense and stereotypical facial expressions, yet their incidence in real life is virtually unknown. In fact, a commonplace experience is that emotions are expressed in subtle and nonprototypical forms. Such facial expressions are at the focus of the current study. In Experiment 1, we present the development and validation of a novel stimulus set consisting of dynamic and subtle emotional facial displays conveyed without constraining expressers to using prototypical configurations. Although these subtle expressions were more challenging to recognize than prototypical dynamic expressions, they were still well recognized by human raters, and perhaps most importantly, they were rated as more ecological and naturalistic than the prototypical expressions. In Experiment 2, we examined the characteristics of subtle versus prototypical expressions by subjecting them to a software classifier, which used prototypical basic emotion criteria. Although the software was highly successful at classifying prototypical expressions, it performed very poorly at classifying the subtle expressions. Further validation was obtained from human expert face coders: Subtle stimuli did not contain many of the key facial movements present in prototypical expressions. Together, these findings suggest that emotions may be successfully conveyed to human viewers using subtle nonprototypical expressions. Although classic prototypical facial expressions are well recognized, they appear less naturalistic and may not capture the richness of everyday emotional communication.
老年时的情绪、生理和表达。
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Levenson,RW;Carstensen,LL;Friesen,WV;Ekman,P
通讯作者：
Ekman,P
影响因子：
14.5
作者：
Johnson, Shannon A.;Stout, Julie C.;Paulsen, Jane S.
通讯作者：
Paulsen, Jane S.