Information technology and undergraduate medical education.
Information technology and undergraduate medical education.
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信息技术和本科医学教育。
DOI：
10.1097/00001888-198904000-00004
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发表时间：
1989
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Barnett,O
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barnett,O
“生命短暂，艺术漫长，机会稍纵即逝，实验危险，决定困难”--这些希波克拉底的名言被刻在哈佛医学院（HMS）四合院一栋建筑的墙上。我们今天可能很想修改这句话，包括这句话：“书籍无数，期刊无数，讲座无穷无尽。”在过去的二十年里，我们目睹了医学知识中所谓的“信息爆炸”。许多医学教育领导者和大多数学生感到不堪重负的“信息超载”与静态，被动的性质医学院。医学实践主要取决于我们如何处理、记录、检索和交流信息。基础医学科学知识的爆炸性增长以及诊断和治疗疾病的新方法的发展，使得跟上医学知识库的步伐成为一项艰巨的任务。据估计，每年在生物医学文献中发表的文章超过60万篇。如果最认真的医生试图通过每天阅读两篇文章来跟上文学的发展，那么即使是这个强迫症患者，一年之内也会落后800多年。尽管医疗保健的科学和技术取得了重大进展，但今天的医生培训与半个世纪前几乎没有什么不同。医学教育的结构仍然主要由讲座组成，在讲座中，一批教师将大量的科学材料与被动的学生观众进行联系。这对课程提出了不可能的时间要求，而且就其数量和复杂性而言，所提供的信息远远超出了学生吸收科学知识的能力。增加专业教育的期限是不切实际的;增加因专业化狭窄而造成的分散是不明智的;依靠继续教育来填补差距是不可能的。哈佛医学院正在通过课程的基本重组来应对这些挑战。课程改革的重点是问题解决和学生主导的学习，
“Life is short, the art long, occasion instant, experiment perilous, decision difficult”–these familiar words from Hippocrates are carved in stone on the wall of one of the buildings in the Harvard Medical School (HMS) Quadrangle. We might well want to revise this statement today to include the phrase:“books innumerable, journals countless, lectures endless.” In the last two decades we have witnessed what has been labeled the “infor-mation explosion” in medical knowledge. Many medical education leaders and most students feel overwhelmed by “information overload” in conjunction with the static, passive nature of medical school. The practice of medicine is dominated by how we process, record, retrieve, and communicate information. The explosion of knowledge in the basic medical sciences and in the development of new methods for diagnosing and treating illness makes it a formidable task to keep abreast of the medical knowledge base. It has been estimated that over 600,000 articles are pub-lished in the biomedical literature each year. If the most conscientious physician were to attempt to keep up with the litera-ture by reading two articles per day, in one year even this compulsive individual would be over 800 years behind. Despite the major advances in the science and technology of health care, the training of physicians is little different today from what it was a half-century ago. The structure of medical education still consists primarily of lectures in which a procession of teachers relate large quanti-ties of scientific material to a passive stu-dent audience. This has placed impossible time demands on the curriculum, and in its quantity and complexity, the information presented has far outstripped the ability of students to absorb scientific knowledge. It is not practical to increase the duration of professional education; it is not wise to increase the fragmentation that results from narrow specialization; and it is not possible to depend on continuing education to fill the gap. Harvard Medical School is responding to these challenges by a basic restructur-ing of the curriculum. The curriculum re-forms place a major emphasis on problem-solving and student-directed study in
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影响因子：
3.2
作者：
SHIBUI, S;HOSHINO, T;GRAY, JW
通讯作者：
GRAY, JW
神经胶质瘤中的双星细胞星形胶质细胞。
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
T. Hoshino;C. Wilson;W. Ellis
通讯作者：
W. Ellis
通过流式细胞仪进行细胞周期分析。
影响因子：
--
作者：
J. Gray;P. Coffino
通讯作者：
P. Coffino
大鼠脑肿瘤模型的治疗挑战
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1976
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
T. Hoshino;E. Tel;M. Barker;M. Rosenblum;K. Nomura
通讯作者：
K. Nomura
用溴脱氧尿苷估计人类中枢神经系统肿瘤的生长分数。
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Y. Yoshii;Y. Maki;K. Tsuboi;Y. Tomono;K. Nakagawa;T. Hoshino
通讯作者：
T. Hoshino