Cognitive interventions for addiction medicine: Understanding the underlying neurobiological mechanisms.

Cognitive interventions for addiction medicine: Understanding the underlying neurobiological mechanisms.
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DOI:
10.1016/bs.pbr.2015.07.019
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发表时间:
2016
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Goldstein, Rita Z.
Goldstein, Rita Z.
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zilverstand, Anna;Parvaz, Muhammad A.;Moeller, Scott J.;Goldstein, Rita Z.

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神经影像学为研究认知干预成瘾的神经生物学机制提供了工具。本综述的目的是描述在认知干预过程中招募的大脑回路,检查各种治疗方式之间的差异,同时突出核心机制,在吸毒成瘾的人。基于系统的Medline检索,我们回顾了神经影像学研究的认知行为治疗,认知抑制的渴望,动机干预,情绪调节,正念,和神经反馈训练成瘾。在各种干预方式中,共同的结果包括大脑奖励回路中异常活动的正常化,以及大脑抑制控制网络的招募和加强。结果表明,不同的认知干预行为,至少部分,通过招聘一个共同的抑制控制网络作为核心机制。这意味着培训模式之间可能存在转移效应。总体而言,研究结果证实,慢性活动减退的前额叶区域参与成瘾的认知控制,可以通过认知手段正常化。
Neuroimaging provides a tool for investigating the neurobiological mechanisms of cognitive interventions in addiction. The aim of this review was to describe the brain circuits that are recruited during cognitive interventions, examining differences between various treatment modalities while highlighting core mechanisms, in drug addicted individuals. Based on a systematic Medline search we reviewed neuroimaging studies on cognitive behavioral therapy, cognitive inhibition of craving, motivational interventions, emotion regulation, mindfulness, and neurofeedback training in addiction. Across intervention modalities, common results included the normalization of aberrant activity in the brain’s reward circuitry, and the recruitment and strengthening of the brain’s inhibitory control network. Results suggest that different cognitive interventions act, at least partly, through recruitment of a common inhibitory control network as a core mechanism. This implies potential transfer effects between training modalities. Overall, results confirm that chronically hypoactive prefrontal regions implicated in cognitive control in addiction can be normalized through cognitive means.
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