Globalization, land use, and the invasion of West Nile virus.

Globalization, land use, and the invasion of West Nile virus.
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DOI:
10.1126/science.1201010
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发表时间:
2011-10-21
期刊:
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Kilpatrick AM
Kilpatrick AM
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kilpatrick AM

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通过贸易和旅游全球化传播的许多入侵物种都是传染性病原体。一个典型的例子是1999年西尼罗河病毒(西尼罗河病毒)传入北美。对西尼罗河病毒生态学和进化的十年研究包括三个发现,这些发现为未来病毒引入的结果提供了洞察。首先,西尼罗河病毒在北美的传播在城市化和农业生境中最高,部分原因是西尼罗河病毒的宿主和媒介在人类改良地区丰富。其次,在引入后,该病毒很快适应了比最初引入的毒株更有效地感染当地蚊子媒介的能力。第三,西尼罗河病毒蚊媒高度集中的摄食模式导致意外的宿主物种对传播具有重要意义。这些发现为预测和预防外来病媒传播病原体的出现提供了一个框架。
Many invasive species that have been spread through the globalization of trade and travel are infectious pathogens. A paradigmatic case is the introduction of West Nile virus (WNV) into North America in 1999. A decade of research on the ecology and evolution of WNV includes three findings that provide insight into the outcome of future viral introductions. First, WNV transmission in North America is highest in urbanized and agricultural habitats, in part because the hosts and vectors of WNV are abundant in human-modified areas. Second, after its introduction, the virus quickly adapted to infect local mosquito vectors more efficiently than the originally introduced strain. Third, highly focused feeding patterns of the mosquito vectors of WNV result in unexpected host species being important for transmission. These findings provide a framework for predicting and preventing the emergence of foreign vector-borne pathogens.
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