Frontal tests and models for cognitive ageing

Frontal tests and models for cognitive ageing
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认知老化的正面测试和模型

DOI:
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发表时间:
2001
期刊:
影响因子:
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通讯作者:
V. Shilling
V. Shilling
中科院分区:
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文献类型:
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作者:
P. Rabbitt;C. Lowe;V. Shilling

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由于忽视了方法论问题,关于老年特定行为变化如何与大脑局部变化相关的研究结果存在差异。其中包括忽视正面测试和执行测试的可靠性和有效性;假设功能过程(例如“抑制”)的操作定义和构造有效性;测试之间相互关系的性质和起源;测试表现与一般心理能力的高阶结构(例如“gf”)的关系,以及最重要的是,由于衰老过程模型的不精确定义而引起的队列选择问题。这些问题可以通过对几个实验结果的讨论来说明,在这些实验中,年轻群体和年长群体的额叶测试和执行测试进行了比较。
Results of investigations of how specific behavioural changes in old age may be related to local changes in the brain have been discrepant because of neglect of methodological issues. Among these are neglect of the reliability and validity of frontal and executive tests; the operational definition and construct validity of hypothetical functional processes such as “inhibition”; the nature and origins of mutual relationships between tests; the relationships of test performance to higher order constructs of general mental ability such as “gf” and, most importantly, problems of cohort selection arising from imprecise definitions of the models of the ageing process. These problems are illustrated by a discussion of the results of several experiments in which younger and older groups of people are compared on frontal and executive tests.
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