Ownership matters: Natural resources property rights and social conflict in Sub-Saharan Africa☆

Ownership matters: Natural resources property rights and social conflict in Sub-Saharan Africa☆
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所有权问题:撒哈拉以南非洲的自然资源产权和社会冲突â

DOI:
10.1016/j.polgeo.2017.07.007
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发表时间:
2017
影响因子:
4.1
通讯作者:
Gerald Schneider
Gerald Schneider
中科院分区:
法学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wegenast;Gerald Schneider

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对“资源诅咒”理论的实证检验为自然资源丰富会增加社会冲突风险的说法提供了非决定性的证据。本文认为,一个新的政治经济学框架和一个新的数据集的基础上,重要的是要分析国家如何调节其自然资源的访问,以了解资源和公众对资源开采安排的阻力之间的相互关系。我们认为,国际而不是国家的资源所有权促进了区域抗议的潜力,并掩盖了外国投资可能创造的效率收益。特别是将资源租金转移给国际所有者会激起当地居民的不满。区分私人,公共,国内和国际所有权安排,我们评估自然资源控制权制度对国家镇压的影响,使用新的基于GIS的数据,在撒哈拉以南非洲的钻石和金矿,以及石油和天然气田。我们的多层次分析表明,镇压作为对社会异议的回应,在国际石油公司所在的电网中尤其可能。此外,我们发现,国际石油公司进一步国家镇压,特别是在不安全的财产权。
Empirical tests of the “resource curse” thesis have provided inconclusive evidence for the claim that natural resource abundance increases the risk of social conflict. The present article argues, based on a novel political economy framework and a new data set, that it is important to analyze how states regulate the access to their natural resources to understand the interrelationship between resources and public resistance against resource extraction arrangements. We claim that international rather than state resource ownership fosters the regional protest potential and overshadows the efficiency gains that foreign investment might create. Especially the siphoning of resource rents to international owners instigates resentment among the local population. Distinguishing between private, public, domestic and international ownership arrangements, we assess the effects of natural resources control rights regimes on state repression using new GIS-based data on diamond and gold mines as well as oil and gas fields in Sub-Sahara Africa. Our multilevel analysis shows that repression as an answer to societal dissent is particularly likely in grids hosting international oil companies. Furthermore, we find that international oil firms further state repression especially under insecure property rights.
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