Global monthly water scarcity: blue water footprints versus blue water availability.
Global monthly water scarcity: blue water footprints versus blue water availability.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0032688
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发表时间:
2012
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Richter BD
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hoekstra AY;Mekonnen MM;Chapagain AK;Mathews RE;Richter BD
Freshwater scarcity is a growing concern, placing considerable importance on the accuracy of indicators used to characterize and map water scarcity worldwide. We improve upon past efforts by using estimates of blue water footprints (consumptive use of ground- and surface water flows) rather than water withdrawals, accounting for the flows needed to sustain critical ecological functions and by considering monthly rather than annual values. We analyzed 405 river basins for the period 1996–2005. In 201 basins with 2.67 billion inhabitants there was severe water scarcity during at least one month of the year. The ecological and economic consequences of increasing degrees of water scarcity – as evidenced by the Rio Grande (Rio Bravo), Indus, and Murray-Darling River Basins – can include complete desiccation during dry seasons, decimation of aquatic biodiversity, and substantial economic disruption.
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影响因子:
1.9
作者:
Perry, Chris
通讯作者:
Perry, Chris
影响因子:
6.4
作者:
Liu, Junguo;Yang, Hong
通讯作者:
Yang, Hong
影响因子:
5.2
作者:
Fekete, BM;Vörösmarty, CJ;Grabs, W
通讯作者:
Grabs, W
影响因子:
6.3
作者:
CONTRERAS, S;LOZANO, ML
通讯作者:
LOZANO, ML
DOI:
10.1098/rstb.2003.1386
发表时间:
2003-12-29
影响因子:
6.3
作者:
Falkenmark, M
通讯作者:
Falkenmark, M