Prefrontal cortex morphometry in abstinent adolescent marijuana users: subtle gender effects.
Prefrontal cortex morphometry in abstinent adolescent marijuana users: subtle gender effects.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1369-1600.2009.00166.x
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发表时间：
2009-09
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Tapert SF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Medina KL;McQueeny T;Nagel BJ;Hanson KL;Yang TT;Tapert SF
成人研究表明，额叶功能障碍与慢性大麻（MJ）使用有关，但由于神经系统的持续成熟，成人研究可能无法推广到青少年。本研究对戒断一个月后慢性mj青少年的前额叶皮质（PFC）形态测定进行了研究。数据来自16-18岁MJ使用者（n=16）和对照组（n=16）。广泛的排除标准包括共病精神和神经障碍。在监测戒断28天后收集药物使用和解剖测量数据。PFC体积由高分辨率磁共振图像的可靠评分者手动追踪确定。在控制了终生饮酒、性别和颅内容积后，MJ使用者与对照组在PFC容积方面没有差异。然而，观察到边际群体-性别相互作用（p<.09）：与同性对照相比，女性MJ使用者的PFC体积相对较大，而男性MJ使用者的PFC体积较小。此外，组状态和PFC总容量在预测执行功能方面相互作用（p< 0.05）。在MJ使用者中，较小的PFC总量与更好的执行功能相关，而在对照组中则相反。这些初步结果表明，性别可能调节MJ使用与PFC形态学的关系。考虑到MJ使用者中较大的PFC总量与较差的执行功能之间的关系，女性MJ使用者可能面临更高的神经认知后果风险。未来的研究将分别测量PFC灰质和白质，并在青春期跟踪男孩和女孩，以检查MJ使用对神经发育的影响。
Adult human studies suggest frontal dysfunction associated with chronic marijuana (MJ) use, but due to continued neuromaturation, adult studies may not generalize to adolescents. This study characterized prefrontal cortex (PFC) morphometry in chronic MJ-using adolescents following one month of monitored abstinence. Data were collected from MJ users (n=16) and controls (n=16) aged 16-18. Extensive exclusionary criteria included comorbid psychiatric and neurologic disorders. Substance use and anatomical measures were collected after 28 days of monitored abstinence. PFC volumes were ascertained from manual tracing by reliable raters on high-resolution magnetic resonance images. After controlling for lifetime alcohol use, gender, and intracranial volume, MJ users did not differ from controls in PFC volume. However, marginal group-by-gender interactions were observed (p<.09): female MJ users demonstrated comparatively larger PFC volumes while male MJ users had smaller volumes compared to same-gender controls. Further, group status and total PFC volume interacted in predicting executive functioning (p<.05). Among MJ users, smaller PFC total volume was associated with better executive functioning while the opposite pattern was seen among the controls. These preliminary results indicate that gender may moderate the relationship between MJ use and PFC morphometry. Given the relationship between larger PFC total volumes and poorer executive functioning among MJ users, female MJ users may be at increased risk for neurocognitive consequences. Future research will measure PFC gray and white matter separately and follow boys and girls over adolescence to examine the influence of MJ use on neurodevelopment.
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