The Contributions of Domain-General and Numerical Factors to Third-Grade Arithmetic Skills and Mathematical Learning Disability.
The Contributions of Domain-General and Numerical Factors to Third-Grade Arithmetic Skills and Mathematical Learning Disability.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0034097
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发表时间：
2014-02
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Powell, Daisy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cowan, Richard;Powell, Daisy
小学数学成绩和数学学习障碍（MLD或计算障碍）的显着个体差异的解释涉及领域一般因素（工作记忆，推理，处理速度和口头语言）和数字因素，包括个位数处理效率和多位数技能，如数字系统知识和估计。这项针对三年级学生（N = 258）的研究发现，一般领域和数字因素都独立地解释了3种重要算术技能的变化：基本计算流畅性、书面多位数计算和算术应用题。估计精度和数字系统知识与每项技能的关联性最强，它们的贡献相互独立，也与其他因素无关。不同的领域一般因素独立地解释了每种技能的差异。数字比较，一个单一的数字处理技能，独特的帐户变化的基本计算。将MLD儿童的子样本（等于或低于第10百分位数，n = 29）与低成就（LA，第11至第25百分位数，n = 42）和典型成就（高于第25百分位数，n = 187）进行比较。这些和子集的检查与持续性的困难支持多赤字的数字困难的观点：大多数儿童与数字困难表现出赤字领域的一般和数字的因素。所有持续性MLD儿童的唯一共同缺陷是多位技能。这些研究结果表明，许多因素的问题，但多位数技能的问题最三年级的数学成绩。
Explanations of the marked individual differences in elementary school mathematical achievement and mathematical learning disability (MLD or dyscalculia) have involved domain-general factors (working memory, reasoning, processing speed, and oral language) and numerical factors that include single-digit processing efficiency and multidigit skills such as number system knowledge and estimation. This study of 3rd graders (N = 258) finds both domain-general and numerical factors contribute independently to explaining variation in 3 significant arithmetic skills: basic calculation fluency, written multidigit computation, and arithmetic word problems. Estimation accuracy and number system knowledge show the strongest associations with every skill, and their contributions are independent of both each other and other factors. Different domain-general factors independently account for variation in each skill. Numeral comparison, a single digit processing skill, uniquely accounts for variation in basic calculation. Subsamples of children with MLD (at or below 10th percentile, n = 29) are compared with low achievement (LA, 11th to 25th percentiles, n = 42) and typical achievement (above 25th percentile, n = 187). Examination of these and subsets with persistent difficulties supports a multiple deficits view of number difficulties: Most children with number difficulties exhibit deficits in both domain-general and numerical factors. The only factor deficit common to all persistent MLD children is in multidigit skills. These findings indicate that many factors matter but multidigit skills matter most in 3rd grade mathematical achievement.
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影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Bull, R;Johnston, RS
通讯作者：
Johnston, RS
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Baddeley, A
通讯作者：
Baddeley, A
影响因子：
1.5
作者：
Bull, R;Scerif, G
通讯作者：
Scerif, G
影响因子：
4
作者：
Booth, JL;Siegler, RS
通讯作者：
Siegler, RS
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Andersson, Ulf
通讯作者：
Andersson, Ulf