Neurobiology of empathy and callousness: implications for the development of antisocial behavior.
Neurobiology of empathy and callousness: implications for the development of antisocial behavior.
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DOI：
10.1002/bsl.862
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发表时间：
2009-03
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Zahn-Waxler C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shirtcliff EA;Vitacco MJ;Graf AR;Gostisha AJ;Merz JL;Zahn-Waxler C
共情和麻木不仁的神经生物学信息为临床医生提供了一个机会，以发展对反社会行为及其对应物道德决策机制的复杂理解。本文提供了一个综合的深入审查激素（例如，外周类固醇激素如皮质醇）和脑结构（例如，大脑皮层、前扣带皮层和杏仁核）与移情、冷酷无情和精神病样行为有关。本文的总体目标是将这些激素和大脑结构与道德决策联系起来。这项研究将开始于大脑，但随后将整合有关身体生物功能的信息，特别是压力反应。我们的目标是将对神经过程的理解与皮质醇等激素结合起来，这两种激素都与移情，精神病和反社会行为有关。该评论提出，缺乏同理心的人的神经生物学损伤并不一定是由于理解他人情绪的能力下降造成的。相反，有证据表明，对他人的痛苦几乎没有唤起的个体同样对自己的痛苦表现出降低的生理唤起;压力反应降低的一种表现可能是同情心功能障碍，这支持了精神病样的结构（例如，callousness）。这种整合将有助于发展客观的方法，可以告知和监测治疗干预措施，重点是减少反社会行为。
Information on the neurobiology of empathy and callousness provides clinicians an opportunity to develop sophisticated understanding of mechanisms underpinning antisocial behavior and its counterpart, moral decision making. This paper provides an integrated in-depth review of hormones (e.g., peripheral steroid hormones like cortisol) and brain structures (e.g., insula, anterior cingulate cortex, and amygdala) implicated in empathy, callousness and psychopathic-like behavior. The overarching goal of this paper is to relate these hormones and brain structures to moral decision-making. This review will begin in the brain, but will then integrate information about biological functioning in the body, specifically stress-reactivity. Our aim is to integrate understanding of neural processes with hormones like cortisol, both of which have demonstrated relationships to empathy, psychopathy, and antisocial behavior. The review proposes neurobiological impairments in individuals who display little empathy are not necessarily due to a reduced ability to understand the emotions of others. Instead, evidence suggests individuals who show little arousal to the distress of others likewise show decreased physiological arousal to their own distress; one manifestation of reduced stress reactivity may be a dysfunction in empathy which supports psychopathic-like constructs (e.g., callousness). This integration will assist in the development of objective methodologies that can inform and monitor treatment interventions focused on decreasing antisocial behavior.
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影响因子：
9.2
作者：
Cheng, Yawei;Lin, Ching-Po;Decety, Jean
通讯作者：
Decety, Jean
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0935845100
发表时间：
2003-04-29
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Carr, L;Iacoboni, M;Lenzi, GL
通讯作者：
Lenzi, GL
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Critchley, HD
通讯作者：
Critchley, HD
影响因子：
--
作者：
Brotman, Laurie Miller;Gouley, Kathleen Kiely;Pine, Daniel S.
通讯作者：
Pine, Daniel S.
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Booth, Alan;Granger, Douglas A.;Shirtcliff, Elizabeth A.
通讯作者：
Shirtcliff, Elizabeth A.