The house spider genome reveals an ancient whole-genome duplication during arachnid evolution.
The house spider genome reveals an ancient whole-genome duplication during arachnid evolution.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12915-017-0399-x
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发表时间：
2017-07-31
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
McGregor AP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schwager EE;Sharma PP;Clarke T;Leite DJ;Wierschin T;Pechmann M;Akiyama-Oda Y;Esposito L;Bechsgaard J;Bilde T;Buffry AD;Chao H;Dinh H;Doddapaneni H;Dugan S;Eibner C;Extavour CG;Funch P;Garb J;Gonzalez LB;Gonzalez VL;Griffiths-Jones S;Han Y;Hayashi C;Hilbrant M;Hughes DST;Janssen R;Lee SL;Maeso I;Murali SC;Muzny DM;Nunes da Fonseca R;Paese CLB;Qu J;Ronshaugen M;Schomburg C;Schönauer A;Stollewerk A;Torres-Oliva M;Turetzek N;Vanthournout B;Werren JH;Wolff C;Worley KC;Bucher G;Gibbs RA;Coddington J;Oda H;Stanke M;Ayoub NA;Prpic NM;Flot JF;Posnien N;Richards S;McGregor AP
基因的复制可以通过各种机制发生，并被认为对生物体的进化多样性做出了重大贡献。越来越多的证据表明，在一些螯肢类谱系中存在大规模的基因复制，包括马蹄蟹中的两轮全基因组复制（WGD）。为了进一步研究这一点，我们测序和分析了常见的家蜘蛛Parasteatoda tepidariorum的基因组。我们发现这种蜘蛛的编码和非编码基因普遍重复，包括两个Hox基因簇。对P. tepidariorum基因组的同线性保守性分析表明，蜘蛛中存在古老的WGD。与其他螯形动物的基因组比较，包括新测序的树皮蝎Centruroides sculpturatus的基因组，表明这一事件发生在蜘蛛和蝎子的共同祖先中，并且可能独立于马蹄蟹中的WGD。此外，在P. tepidariorum中Hox旁系同源物的序列和表达的表征表明，许多Hox旁系同源物自其复制以来已经经历了新功能化和/或亚功能化。我们的研究结果表明，蜘蛛和蝎子很可能是生活在4.5亿多年前的多倍体祖先的后代。考虑到这些动物之间广泛的形态多样性和生态适应性，与脊椎动物相媲美，我们对Arachnopulmonata古代WGD事件的研究提供了一个新的比较平台，以探索真核生物多倍体化事件的共同和不同的进化结果。本文的在线版本（doi：10.1186/s12915-017-0399-x）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
The duplication of genes can occur through various mechanisms and is thought to make a major contribution to the evolutionary diversification of organisms. There is increasing evidence for a large-scale duplication of genes in some chelicerate lineages including two rounds of whole genome duplication (WGD) in horseshoe crabs. To investigate this further, we sequenced and analyzed the genome of the common house spider Parasteatoda tepidariorum. We found pervasive duplication of both coding and non-coding genes in this spider, including two clusters of Hox genes. Analysis of synteny conservation across the P. tepidariorum genome suggests that there has been an ancient WGD in spiders. Comparison with the genomes of other chelicerates, including that of the newly sequenced bark scorpion Centruroides sculpturatus, suggests that this event occurred in the common ancestor of spiders and scorpions, and is probably independent of the WGDs in horseshoe crabs. Furthermore, characterization of the sequence and expression of the Hox paralogs in P. tepidariorum suggests that many have been subject to neo-functionalization and/or sub-functionalization since their duplication. Our results reveal that spiders and scorpions are likely the descendants of a polyploid ancestor that lived more than 450 MYA. Given the extensive morphological diversity and ecological adaptations found among these animals, rivaling those of vertebrates, our study of the ancient WGD event in Arachnopulmonata provides a new comparative platform to explore common and divergent evolutionary outcomes of polyploidization events across eukaryotes. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12915-017-0399-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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