The genic view of hybridization in the Anthropocene.
The genic view of hybridization in the Anthropocene.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/eva.13223
复制
发表时间：
2021-10
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Ottenburghs J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ottenburghs J
人类的影响在地球仪上是显而易见的，这表明一个新的时代可能已经开始：人类世。持续的人类活动，包括土地使用的变化，非本地物种的引入和快速的气候变化，正在改变无数物种的分布，经常引起人为介导的杂交事件。虽然不同种群或物种的杂交可能产生有害影响，如遗传灭绝，但就适应性渐渗或遗传多样性的增加而言，它可能是有益的。在本文中，我首先根据过去五年（2016-2020）的文献回顾了人为杂交的不同机制和结果。导致先前孤立的类群杂交繁殖的最常见机制包括栖息地改变（51%的研究）和引入非本地物种（34%是故意的，19%是无意的）。这些人类诱导的杂交事件最常导致基因渗入（80%）。杂交类群之间遗传交换的高发生率表明，应用物种形成（和基因渗入）的基因观点可以为如何解决人类世中的杂交事件提供重要的见解。这种观点认为基因组是具有不同进化历史的遗传位点的动态集合，在遗传分化和渐渗方面产生异质基因组景观。首先，了解这种基因组景观可以导致更好地选择诊断遗传标记来表征杂交群体。其次，描述基因渗入模式如何在基因组中变化可以帮助预测负面过程的可能性，例如人口和遗传沼泽，以及积极的结果，例如适应性渗入。尤其重要的是，不仅要量化渗入了多少遗传物质，还要量化交换了什么。第三，将前人类世杂交事件中的基因渗入模式与当前人类引起的案例进行比较，可能会为人类杂交事件中遗传沼泽或物种崩溃的可能性提供新的见解。然而，这种比较方法在实际应用之前仍有待检验。最后，基因渗入的观点可以与保护基因组研究相结合，以确定杂交的法律的地位，并采取适当的措施来管理人为杂交事件。进化基因组学和保护基因组学之间的相互作用将导致这些领域之间不断交流思想，这不仅将提高我们对物种起源的认识，而且还将提高我们对如何保存和保护物种的认识。
Human impact is noticeable around the globe, indicating that a new era might have begun: the Anthropocene. Continuing human activities, including land‐use changes, introduction of non‐native species and rapid climate change, are altering the distributions of countless species, often giving rise to human‐mediated hybridization events. While the interbreeding of different populations or species can have detrimental effects, such as genetic extinction, it can be beneficial in terms of adaptive introgression or an increase in genetic diversity. In this paper, I first review the different mechanisms and outcomes of anthropogenic hybridization based on literature from the last five years (2016–2020). The most common mechanisms leading to the interbreeding of previously isolated taxa include habitat change (51% of the studies) and introduction of non‐native species (34% intentional and 19% unintentional). These human‐induced hybridization events most often result in introgression (80%). The high incidence of genetic exchange between the hybridizing taxa indicates that the application of a genic view of speciation (and introgression) can provide crucial insights on how to address hybridization events in the Anthropocene. This perspective considers the genome as a dynamic collection of genetic loci with distinct evolutionary histories, giving rise to a heterogenous genomic landscape in terms of genetic differentiation and introgression. First, understanding this genomic landscape can lead to a better selection of diagnostic genetic markers to characterize hybrid populations. Second, describing how introgression patterns vary across the genome can help to predict the likelihood of negative processes, such as demographic and genetic swamping, as well as positive outcomes, such as adaptive introgression. It is especially important to not only quantify how much genetic material introgressed, but also what has been exchanged. Third, comparing introgression patterns in pre‐Anthropocene hybridization events with current human‐induced cases might provide novel insights into the likelihood of genetic swamping or species collapse during an anthropogenic hybridization event. However, this comparative approach remains to be tested before it can be applied in practice. Finally, the genic view of introgression can be combined with conservation genomic studies to determine the legal status of hybrids and take appropriate measures to manage anthropogenic hybridization events. The interplay between evolutionary and conservation genomics will result in the constant exchange of ideas between these fields which will not only improve our knowledge on the origin of species, but also how to conserve and protect them.
登录
查看更多内容
DOI：
10.1126/science.1165448
发表时间：
2009-03-06
期刊：
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Anderson TM;vonHoldt BM;Candille SI;Musiani M;Greco C;Stahler DR;Smith DW;Padhukasahasram B;Randi E;Leonard JA;Bustamante CD;Ostrander EA;Tang H;Wayne RK;Barsh GS
通讯作者：
Barsh GS
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Jones, CG;Lawton, JH;Shachak, M
通讯作者：
Shachak, M
DOI：
10.1080/00028487.2016.1235611
发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
1.4
作者：
Bangs, Max R.;Douglas, Marlis R.;Douglas, Michael E.
通讯作者：
Douglas, Michael E.
影响因子：
1.4
作者：
Bruce, Spencer A.;Kutsumi, Yuka;Hare, Matthew P.
通讯作者：
Hare, Matthew P.
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Bourgeois, Yann X. C.;Bertrand, Joris A. M.;Mil, Borja
通讯作者：
Mil, Borja