pH-Responsive nanoparticles for drug delivery.
pH-Responsive nanoparticles for drug delivery.
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DOI：
10.1021/mp100253e
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发表时间：
2010-12-06
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Farokhzad OC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gao W;Chan JM;Farokhzad OC
第一代纳米粒子（NP）因其能够改善药物耐受性、循环半衰期和功效而在临床上被转化为药物递送载体。为了开发下一代纳米粒子，研究人员设计了用于持续释放、分子靶向和环境响应的新型多功能平台。本综述重点关注 NP 设计中使用的环境响应机制，并重点介绍 pH 响应型 NP 在药物输送中的使用。不同的器官、组织和亚细胞区室及其病理生理状态可以通过其 pH 水平和梯度来表征。当暴露于这些 pH 刺激时，pH 响应型纳米颗粒会对其材料结构和表面特性产生物理化学变化。这些包括肿胀、解离或表面电荷转换，其方式有利于药物在目标部位释放而不是周围组织。这里描述的新颖发展可能会改变纳米粒子是被动递送载体的经典观点，有利于利用环境线索来实现最大药物效力的响应式传感载体。
First-generation nanoparticles (NPs) have been clinically translated as pharmaceutical drug delivery carriers for their ability to improve on drug tolerability, circulation half-life, and efficacy. Towards the development of the next-generation NPs, researchers have designed novel multifunctional platforms for sustained release, molecular targeting, and environmental responsiveness. This review focuses on environmentally-responsive mechanisms used in NP designs, and highlights the use of pH-responsive NPs in drug delivery. Different organs, tissues, and subcellular compartments – as well as their pathophysiological states – can be characterized by their pH levels and gradients. When exposed to these pH stimuli, pH-responsive NPs respond with physicochemical changes to their material structure and surface characteristics. These include swelling, dissociating or surface charge switching, in a manner that favors drug release at the target site over surrounding tissues. The novel developments described here may revise the classical outlook that NPs are passive delivery vehicles, in favor of responsive, sensing vehicles that use environmental cues to achieve maximal drug potency.
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