Demographic and Selection Histories of Populations Across the Sahel/Savannah Belt.
Demographic and Selection Histories of Populations Across the Sahel/Savannah Belt.
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DOI：
10.1093/molbev/msac209
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发表时间：
2022-10-07
影响因子：
10.7
通讯作者：
Cerny, Viktor
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fortes-Lima, Cesar;Triska, Petr;Cizkova, Martina;Podgorna, Eliska;Diallo, Mame Yoro;Schlebusch, Carina M.;Cerny, Viktor
萨赫勒/萨凡纳地带有着不同的人口历史和不同的生存模式。然而，来自这个非洲大区域的人口在基因组研究中的代表性明显不足。为了调查萨赫勒/萨凡纳空间的人口结构和适应历史，我们生成了327个个体的密集全基因组基因型数据，包括14个民族语言组，包括10个以前未抽样的人口。我们的研究结果突出了精细规模的人口结构和复杂的混合模式，特别是在富拉尼族和讲阿拉伯语的人口。在所有研究的萨赫勒人口中，只有苏丹东部的Rashaayda阿拉伯语人口显示缺乏来自非洲群体的基因流，这与该人口在非洲大陆的短暂历史相一致。他们是来自沙特阿拉伯的新移民，有证据表明在过去几代人中存在强烈的遗传隔离和严重的人口瓶颈。该人群还在与物质依赖和慢性应激相关的CNR 1基因周围的基因组区域中呈现出强烈的选择信号。在西萨赫勒地区的人群中，在其他几个遗传区域检测到选择的签名，包括与乳糖酶持续性，免疫反应和疟疾抗性相关的途径。总而言之，这些发现完善了我们目前对萨赫勒/萨凡纳地带人类种群的遗传多样性、种群结构、迁移、混合和适应的了解，并有助于我们对人类历史和健康的了解。
The Sahel/Savannah belt harbors diverse populations with different demographic histories and different subsistence patterns. However, populations from this large African region are notably under-represented in genomic research. To investigate the population structure and adaptation history of populations from the Sahel/Savannah space, we generated dense genome-wide genotype data of 327 individuals—comprising 14 ethnolinguistic groups, including 10 previously unsampled populations. Our results highlight fine-scale population structure and complex patterns of admixture, particularly in Fulani groups and Arabic-speaking populations. Among all studied Sahelian populations, only the Rashaayda Arabic-speaking population from eastern Sudan shows a lack of gene flow from African groups, which is consistent with the short history of this population in the African continent. They are recent migrants from Saudi Arabia with evidence of strong genetic isolation during the last few generations and a strong demographic bottleneck. This population also presents a strong selection signal in a genomic region around the CNR1 gene associated with substance dependence and chronic stress. In Western Sahelian populations, signatures of selection were detected in several other genetic regions, including pathways associated with lactase persistence, immune response, and malaria resistance. Taken together, these findings refine our current knowledge of genetic diversity, population structure, migration, admixture and adaptation of human populations in the Sahel/Savannah belt and contribute to our understanding of human history and health.
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影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Browning, Sharon R.;Browning, Brian L.
通讯作者：
Browning, Brian L.
影响因子：
10.7
作者：
Arauna LR;Mendoza-Revilla J;Mas-Sandoval A;Izaabel H;Bekada A;Benhamamouch S;Fadhlaoui-Zid K;Zalloua P;Hellenthal G;Comas D
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7.7
作者：
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通讯作者：
Spencer, Chris C. A.
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4.6
作者：
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通讯作者：
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