An investigation of the role of grapheme units in word recognition.

An investigation of the role of grapheme units in word recognition.
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字素单元在单词识别中的作用的研究。

DOI:
10.1037/a0026886
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发表时间:
2012
期刊:
Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Lupker SJ
Lupker SJ
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lupker SJ

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在当前的大多数单词识别模型中,单词识别过程被认为是由字母单元的激活驱动的(即字母是阅读中的感知单元)。另一种可能性是,单词识别过程是由字素单元的激活驱动的,也就是说,字素而不是字母是阅读中的感知单元。如果是这样的话,那么一定有像CH和PH这样的多字母字素的代表单位,它们在这个过程中起着关键作用。我们在四个掩蔽启动实验中研究了这个想法。素数是通过调换、完全替换或删除多字母字素或两个相邻字母中的一个组成部分而创建的,每个字母代表一个字素,使用英语和西班牙语刺激。在所有的实验中,没有任何证据表明差异启动效应取决于两个字母被操纵形成一个字素或形成两个独立的字素。这些数据与以下观点最为一致:多字母字形在文字处理的最早阶段没有特殊地位,因此,文字识别实际上是由单个字母单元的激活驱动的。
In most current models of word recognition, the word recognition process is assumed to be driven by the activation of letter units (ie, that letters are the perceptual units in reading). An alternative possibility is that the word recognition process is driven by the activation of grapheme units, that is, that graphemes, rather than letters, are the perceptual units in reading. If so, there must be representational units for multiletter graphemes like CH and PH, which play a key role in this process. We examined this idea in four masked priming experiments. Primes were created by transposing, replacing entirely, or removing one component of either multiletter graphemes or two adjacent letters that each represented a grapheme, using both English and Spanish stimuli. In none of the experiments was there any evidence of differential priming effects depending on whether the two letters being manipulated formed a single grapheme or formed two separate graphemes. These data are most consistent with the idea that multiletter graphemes have no special status at the earliest stages of word processing and, therefore, that word recognition is, indeed, driven by the activation of units for individual letters.
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