Decontamination Methods for Reuse of Filtering Facepiece Respirators.
Decontamination Methods for Reuse of Filtering Facepiece Respirators.
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DOI：
10.1001/jamaoto.2020.1423
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发表时间：
2020-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Holliday MA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Su-Velez BM;Maxim T;Long JL;St John MA;Holliday MA
2019 年新型冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 已被证明具有高度传染性，使世界各地的医疗保健专业人员面临更大的风险。此外，这些人所需的个人防护装备（PPE）普遍短缺。一次性使用的过滤式面罩呼吸器（例如 N95 呼吸器）可以在需要时重复使用。我们探索医疗保健系统 N95 呼吸器净化或灭菌的证据，寻求在保护员工健康的同时保护个人防护装备。必须保持 N95 呼吸器的过滤性能和贴合性，才能在多次使用时充分发挥作用。研究表明，使用肥皂和水、酒精和漂白剂进行化学消毒会使呼吸器失效。用微波热和高干热净化也会导致呼吸器材料的降解。紫外线、蒸汽、低干热以及使用环氧乙烷或汽化过氧化氢的商业灭菌方法似乎是成功净化的可行选择。此外，由于新型冠状病毒的表面存活力预计为72小时，轮换使用N95口罩并留出时间对口罩进行消毒也是一个合理的选择。我们描述了重新使用净化 N95 和轮换使用 N95 呼吸器的方案和最佳实践建议。由于病毒传播的性质，包括可能的空气传播和上呼吸道的高病毒载量，COVID-19 对医疗保健专业人员，特别是耳鼻喉科医生构成了很高的风险。正确使用时，适当的个人防护装备是有效的，但在资源稀缺的情况下，机构可能会转向保存和重复使用过滤式面罩呼吸器的替代方法。根据之前疫情爆发后对 N95 口罩净化进行的研究，各机构可以考虑立即和大规模实施的几种选择。
The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has proven to be highly infectious, putting health care professionals around the world at increased risk. Furthermore, there are widespread shortages of necessary personal protective equipment (PPE) for these individuals. Filtering facepiece respirators, such as the N95 respirator, intended for single use, can be reused in times of need. We explore the evidence for decontamination or sterilization of N95 respirators for health care systems seeking to conserve PPE while maintaining the health of their workforce. The filtration properties and fit of N95 respirators must be preserved to function adequately over multiple uses. Studies have shown that chemical sterilization using soap and water, alcohols, and bleach render the respirator nonfunctional. Decontamination with microwave heat and high dry heat also result in degradation of respirator material. UV light, steam, low-dry heat, and commercial sterilization methods with ethylene oxide or vaporized hydrogen peroxide appear to be viable options for successful decontamination. Furthermore, since the surface viability of the novel coronavirus is presumed to be 72 hours, rotating N95 respirator use and allowing time decontamination of the respirators is also a reasonable option. We describe a protocol and best practice recommendations for redoffing decontaminated N95 and rotating N95 respirator use. COVID-19 presents a high risk for health care professionals, particularly otolaryngologists, owing to the nature of viral transmission, including possible airborne transmission and high viral load in the upper respiratory tract. Proper PPE is effective when used correctly, but in times of scarce resources, institutions may turn to alternative methods of preserving and reusing filtering facepiece respirators. Based on studies conducted on the decontamination of N95 respirators after prior outbreaks, there are several options for institutions to consider for both immediate and large-scale implementation.
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DOI：
10.1093/annhyg/men019
发表时间：
2008-07
期刊：
The Annals of occupational hygiene
影响因子：
--
作者：
Eninger RM;Honda T;Adhikari A;Heinonen-Tanski H;Reponen T;Grinshpun SA
通讯作者：
Grinshpun SA
DOI：
10.3390/v4113044
发表时间：
2012-11-12
期刊：
Viruses
影响因子：
--
作者：
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通讯作者：
Duval RE
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Bergman, Michael S.;Viscusi, Dennis J.;Shaffer, Ronald E.
通讯作者：
Shaffer, Ronald E.
影响因子：
--
作者：
Lore, Michael B.;Heimbuch, Brian K.;Hinrichs, Steven H.
通讯作者：
Hinrichs, Steven H.
影响因子：
158.5
作者：
Guan, W.;Ni, Z.;Zhong, N.
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Zhong, N.