Vulnerability of exploited deep-sea demersal species to ocean warming, deoxygenation, and acidification
Vulnerability of exploited deep-sea demersal species to ocean warming, deoxygenation, and acidification
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开发的深海底层物种对海洋变暖、脱氧和酸化的脆弱性
DOI：
10.1007/s10641-022-01321-w
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Levin, Lisa A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cheung, William W.;Wei, Chih-Lin;Levin, Lisa A.
海洋物种对气候变化（包括海洋酸化、脱氧和相关的食物供应变化）的脆弱性取决于物种的生态和生物特征。大多数现有评估侧重于沿海物种，但缺乏对深海气候脆弱性的系统分析。在这里，我们结合联合收割机的模糊逻辑专家系统与物种地理数据，以评估气候影响的风险，全球海洋的32种已开发的底层深海物种的种群生存能力。预计到世纪中期，气候灾害将出现在所有记录在案的研究物种栖息地的历史变异中。受气候影响风险很高且极易受捕捞影响的物种包括南极洋枪鱼（Dissostichus mawsoni）、玫瑰鱼（Aristotes norvegicus）、粗头鳕（Macrourus berglax）、贝尔德氏油鲶（Alepocephalus bairdii）、鳕（Brosme brosme）和葡萄牙角鲨（Centroscymnus coelepis）。大多数被开发的深海鱼类在当地甚至全球灭绝的风险可能比以前评估的更高，因为它们极易受到气候变化和捕捞的影响。从空间上看，预计北方大西洋和印度洋-太平洋区域将集中大量易受气候影响的深海物种。将碳减排与改善渔业管理结合起来，为未来几十年的总体风险降低提供了机会。区域渔业管理组织有义务将气候变化问题纳入其审议工作。此外，目前不由区域渔业管理组织管理的深海区域应纳入现有或新的国际治理机构或安排。
Vulnerability of marine species to climate change (including ocean acidification, deoxygenation, and associated changes in food supply) depends on species’ ecological and biological characteristics. Most existing assessments focus on coastal species but systematic analysis of climate vulnerability for the deep sea is lacking. Here, we combine a fuzzy logic expert system with species biogeographical data to assess the risks of climate impacts to the population viability of 32 species of exploited demersal deep-sea species across the global ocean. Climatic hazards are projected to emerge from historical variabilities in all the recorded habitats of the studied species by the mid-twenty-first century. Species that are both at very high risk of climate impacts and highly vulnerable to fishing include Antarctic toothfish (Dissostichus mawsoni), rose fish (Sebastes norvegicus), roughhead grenadier (Macrourus berglax), Baird’s slickhead (Alepocephalus bairdii), cusk (Brosme brosme), and Portuguese dogfish (Centroscymnus coelepis). Most exploited deep-sea fishes are likely to be at higher risk of local, or even global, extinction than previously assessed because of their high vulnerability to both climate change and fishing. Spatially, a high concentration of deep-sea species that are climate vulnerable is predicted in the northern Atlantic Ocean and the Indo-Pacific region. Aligning carbon mitigation with improved fisheries management offers opportunities for overall risk reduction in the coming decades. Regional fisheries management organizations (RFMOs) have an obligation to incorporate climate change in their deliberations. In addition, deep-sea areas that are not currently managed by RFMOs should be included in existing or new international governance institutions or arrangements.
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