Size matters: cerebral volume influences sex differences in neuroanatomy.
Size matters: cerebral volume influences sex differences in neuroanatomy.
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DOI：
10.1093/cercor/bhn052
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发表时间：
2008-12
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Chiarello, Christine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Leonard, Christiana M.;Towler, Stephen;Welcome, Suzanne;Halderman, Laura K.;Otto, Ron;Eckert, Mark A.;Chiarello, Christine
两性之间的生物和行为差异从明显到微妙或不存在。神经解剖学上的差异特别有争议，也许是因为它们可能解释了行为差异。在200名男性和女性的样本中，发现大脑灰质和白色物质、小脑和灰质比例（女性的灰质比例更高）的性别差异具有较大的效应量（Cohen's d > 0.8）。在这些性别差异中，唯一一个在调整大脑体积影响后幸存下来的是灰质比例。脑体积的个体差异占灰质比例差异的21%，而性别占额外的4%。女性胼胝体的相对大小比男性大5%，但这种差异完全可以用胼胝体相对大小与大脑体积之间的负相关来解释。与Jancke等人的观点一致，脑容量较大的个体倾向于胼胝体较小。Broca区和Wernicke区结构的大小无性别差异。我们的结论是，大脑体积的个体差异，在男性和女性，占明显的性别差异的相对大小。
Biological and behavioral differences between the sexes range from obvious to subtle or nonexistent. Neuroanatomical differences are particularly controversial, perhaps due to the implication that they might account for behavioral differences. In this sample of 200 men and women, large effect sizes (Cohen's d > 0.8) were found for sex differences in total cerebral gray and white matter, cerebellum, and gray matter proportion (women had a higher proportion of gray matter). The only one of these sex differences that survived adjustment for the effect of cerebral volume was gray matter proportion. Individual differences in cerebral volume accounted for 21% of the difference in gray matter proportion, while sex accounted for an additional 4%. The relative size of the corpus callosum was 5% larger in women, but this difference was completely explained by a negative relationship between relative callosal size and cerebral volume. In agreement with Jancke et al., individuals with higher cerebral volume tended to have smaller corpora callosa. There were few sex differences in the size of structures in Broca's and Wernicke's area. We conclude that individual differences in brain volume, in both men and women, account for apparent sex differences in relative size.
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