A unique human-fox burial from a pre-Natufian cemetery in the Levant (Jordan).
A unique human-fox burial from a pre-Natufian cemetery in the Levant (Jordan).
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黎凡特（Jordan）的纳特菲安公墓（Natufian Pre）的独特人类葬礼。
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0015815
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发表时间：
2011-01-26
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Banning EB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Maher LA;Stock JT;Finney S;Heywood JJ;Miracle PT;Banning EB
来自约旦北方的新人类墓葬提供了重要的见解，以了解墓地的外观和人类与动物关系的性质，在太平间的背景下，在Epipalaeolithic时期（c。23，000 - 11，600 cal BP），加强了超越捕食者-猎物的社会意识形态关系。先前的工作表明，考古特征表明社会复杂性突然发生在最新的Epipalaeolithic阶段，Natufian（c。14，500 - 11，600 cal BP）。这些特征包括sedentism，墓地，建筑，食品生产，包括动物驯化，以及精心处理的墓葬。我们在Uyun al-Hammam的前Natufian（中Epipalaeolithic）墓地的发现表明，人类和动物的联合丧葬习俗出现在Epipalaeolithic的早期。我们描述了近东地区最早的人狐墓葬，在那里的一些纳图夫遗址发现了与人类墓葬有关的狗的遗骸。这是第一次记录到狐狸与纳图菲人之前的人类埋葬以及一套特定的墓葬物品有关。对人类和动物骨骼及其相关文物的分析提供了关于在纳图菲安出现驯养狗之前人与动物之间这些新发展关系的性质和时间的关键数据。
New human burials from northern Jordan provide important insights into the appearance of cemeteries and the nature of human-animal relationships within mortuary contexts during the Epipalaeolithic period (c. 23,000–11,600 cal BP) in the Levant, reinforcing a socio-ideological relationship that goes beyond predator-prey. Previous work suggests that archaeological features indicative of social complexity occur suddenly during the latest Epipalaeolithic phase, the Natufian (c. 14,500–11,600 cal BP). These features include sedentism, cemeteries, architecture, food production, including animal domestication, and burials with elaborate mortuary treatments. Our findings from the pre-Natufian (Middle Epipalaeolithic) cemetery of ‘Uyun al-Hammam demonstrate that joint human-animal mortuary practices appear earlier in the Epipalaeolithic. We describe the earliest human-fox burial in the Near East, where the remains of dogs have been found associated with human burials at a number of Natufian sites. This is the first time that a fox has been documented in association with human interments pre-dating the Natufian and with a particular suite of grave goods. Analysis of the human and animal bones and their associated artefacts provides critical data on the nature and timing of these newly-developing relationships between people and animals prior to the appearance of domesticated dogs in the Natufian.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0806030105
发表时间：
2008-11-18
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Grosman, Leore;Munro, Natalie D.;Belfer-Cohen, Anna
通讯作者：
Belfer-Cohen, Anna
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
DAVIS, SJM;VALLA, FR
通讯作者：
VALLA, FR
影响因子：
9.2
作者：
Hare, B;Plyusnina, I;Trut, L
通讯作者：
Trut, L
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
HILL, A
通讯作者：
HILL, A
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Gray MM;Sutter NB;Ostrander EA;Wayne RK
通讯作者：
Wayne RK