Mine is Earlier than Yours: Causal Beliefs Influence the Perceived Time of Action Effects.
Mine is Earlier than Yours: Causal Beliefs Influence the Perceived Time of Action Effects.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00393
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Kiesel A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haering C;Kiesel A
当按键引起刺激时，按键被感知得晚于按键，刺激被感知得早于按键和刺激独立呈现。这种时间感知的偏差与产生效果的意图有关，因此被称为有意约束（IB）。最近的研究表明，当参与者认为他们引起了效应刺激时，与他们认为另一个人引起了效应时相比，IB效应更强（Desantis等人）。在这个实验中，我们问因果信念是否影响感知时间的效果时，假定的效果发生时间接近另一个刺激，也是一个效果。在我们的研究中，两名参与者在具有单独屏幕的连接计算机上执行相同的任务。每次试验在两台计算机上同步开始。当参与者按下一个键时，红色和黄色的刺激同时出现，或者延迟50 ms。参与者的任务是判断这两个效应刺激的时间顺序。参与者被告知，一个参与者引起了两个刺激之一，而另一个参与者坐在另一台计算机上引起了另一个刺激，或者每个参与者被告知他/她引起了两个刺激。不同的因果信念改变了效应相对于彼此出现的感知时间。当参与者认为他们每个人都造成了一种效果时，他们“自己”的效果比其他参与者的效果更早被感知。当被试认为每个人都造成了两种效果时，红色和黄色效果的感知时间顺序没有差异，这些结果证实了高阶因果信念改变了动作效果的感知时间，即使在假定效果的发生可以直接与参考刺激相比的情况下。
When a key press causes a stimulus, the key press is perceived later and the stimulus earlier than key presses and stimuli presented independently. This bias in time perception has been linked to the intention to produce the effect and thus been called intentional binding (IB). In recent studies it has been shown that the IB effect is stronger when participants believed that they caused the effect stimulus compared to when they believed that another person caused the effect (Desantis et al.,). In this experiment we ask whether causal beliefs influence the perceived time of an effect when the putative effect occurs temporally close to another stimulus that is also an effect. In our study two participants performed the same task on connected computers with separate screens. Each trial started synchronously on both computers. When a participant pressed a key, a red and a yellow stimulus appeared as action effects simultaneously or with a slight delay of up to 50 ms. The participants’ task was to judge the temporal order of these two effect stimuli. Participants were either told that one participant caused one of the two stimuli while the other participant seated at the other computer caused the other stimulus, or each participant was told that he/she caused both stimuli. The different causal beliefs changed the perceived time of the effects’ appearance relative to each other. When participants believed they each caused one effect, their “own” effect was perceived earlier than the other participant’s effect. When the participants believed each caused both effects, no difference in the perceived temporal order of the red and yellow effect was found. These results confirm that higher order causal beliefs change the perceived time of an action effect even in a setting in which the occurrence of the putative effect can be directly compared to a reference stimulus.
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