Real-time phase-contrast x-ray imaging: a new technique for the study of animal form and function.
Real-time phase-contrast x-ray imaging: a new technique for the study of animal form and function.
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DOI：
10.1186/1741-7007-5-6
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发表时间：
2007-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Lee WK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Socha JJ;Westneat MW;Harrison JF;Waters JS;Lee WK
尽管成像技术取得了进展，但小动物体内组织和器官的结构和动态的实时可视化仍然是难以捉摸的。最近，我们一直在使用同步加速器X射线来可视化毫米大小的不透明活体动物的内部解剖结构。该技术利用部分相干X射线和衍射，能够清晰地观察通过传统吸收射线照相术无法观察到的内部软组织。然而，由于更高质量的图像需要更大的X射线通量，因此在图像质量和组织损伤之间存在固有的折衷。我们通过确定同步辐射X射线对昆虫生理、行为和生存的影响，评估了图像质量和对动物伤害之间的权衡。使用通量密度为80 μW/mm-2的25 keV X射线，可以获得高质量的视频速率图像，并且在数分钟内不会对昆虫产生重大不利影响，这一持续时间足以进行许多生理研究。在这种情况下，昆虫不会发热。此外，我们展示了同步辐射相位衬度成像的使用范围，通过显示高分辨率图像的内部解剖和观察标记的食物在摄入和消化过程中的运动。同步辐射X射线相衬成像有可能彻底改变小动物的生理学和内部生物力学的研究。这是唯一普遍适用的技术，具有必要的空间和时间分辨率，穿透能力和对软组织的敏感性，需要在毫米到微米的尺度上可视化活体动物的内部生理。
Despite advances in imaging techniques, real-time visualization of the structure and dynamics of tissues and organs inside small living animals has remained elusive. Recently, we have been using synchrotron x-rays to visualize the internal anatomy of millimeter-sized opaque, living animals. This technique takes advantage of partially-coherent x-rays and diffraction to enable clear visualization of internal soft tissue not viewable via conventional absorption radiography. However, because higher quality images require greater x-ray fluxes, there exists an inherent tradeoff between image quality and tissue damage. We evaluated the tradeoff between image quality and harm to the animal by determining the impact of targeted synchrotron x-rays on insect physiology, behavior and survival. Using 25 keV x-rays at a flux density of 80 μW/mm-2, high quality video-rate images can be obtained without major detrimental effects on the insects for multiple minutes, a duration sufficient for many physiological studies. At this setting, insects do not heat up. Additionally, we demonstrate the range of uses of synchrotron phase-contrast imaging by showing high-resolution images of internal anatomy and observations of labeled food movement during ingestion and digestion. Synchrotron x-ray phase contrast imaging has the potential to revolutionize the study of physiology and internal biomechanics in small animals. This is the only generally applicable technique that has the necessary spatial and temporal resolutions, penetrating power, and sensitivity to soft tissue that is required to visualize the internal physiology of living animals on the scale from millimeters to microns.
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00309660
发表时间：
1993-02-01
影响因子：
2
作者：
Lighton, JRB;Wehner, R
通讯作者：
Wehner, R
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Cloetens, P;Barrett, R;Schlenker, M
通讯作者：
Schlenker, M
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
KING, RC;WILSON, LP
通讯作者：
WILSON, LP
影响因子：
2
作者：
MEGUMI, T;GAMO, S;TANAKA, Y
通讯作者：
TANAKA, Y
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
GROSCH, DS
通讯作者：
GROSCH, DS