Enhancer RNA m6A methylation facilitates transcriptional condensate formation and gene activation.

Enhancer RNA m6A methylation facilitates transcriptional condensate formation and gene activation.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.molcel.2021.07.024
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发表时间:
2021-08-19
期刊:
影响因子:
16
通讯作者:
Li W
Li W
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lee JH;Wang R;Xiong F;Krakowiak J;Liao Z;Nguyen PT;Moroz-Omori EV;Shao J;Zhu X;Bolt MJ;Wu H;Singh PK;Bi M;Shi CJ;Jamal N;Li G;Mistry R;Jung SY;Tsai KL;Ferreon JC;Stossi F;Caflisch A;Liu Z;Mancini MA;Li W

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对新生RNA在转录调控中的机制理解仍然有限。在此,通过一种高灵敏度的方法MINT - Seq,我们对新生RNA上的N6 - 甲基腺苷(m6A)图谱进行了表征。我们发现转录调控元件(包括启动子上游反义RNA和增强子RNA(eRNAs))产生的新生RNA上存在大量但有选择性的m6A沉积,这与它们的长度、m6A基序(RRACH)的包含情况以及RNA丰度呈正相关。m6A - eRNAs标记高度活跃的增强子,在那里它们招募核m6A阅读蛋白YTHDC1以相分离成液状凝聚物,其方式依赖于YTHDC1的C末端无序区域和精氨酸残基。m6A - eRNA/YTHDC1凝聚物与BRD4共激活因子凝聚物共混合并促进其形成。因此,YTHDC1的缺失会减少BRD4凝聚物及其向增强子的募集,从而导致增强子和基因激活受到抑制。我们提出eRNAs的化学修饰连同阅读蛋白在增强子激活和基因转录调控中发挥广泛作用。 李、王和熊等人对人类细胞中的新生RNA m6A甲基化组进行了表征,发现普遍存在m6A标记的eRNAs。这些m6A修饰的eRNAs招募核m6A阅读蛋白YTHDC1以分隔成液状凝聚物,这促进了转录激活因子凝聚物的形成,从而促进基因激活。
The mechanistic understanding of nascent RNAs in transcriptional control remains limited. Here, by a high sensitivity method MINT-Seq, we characterized the landscapes of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) on nascent RNAs. We uncover heavy but selective m6A deposition on nascent RNAs produced by transcription regulatory elements including promoter upstream antisense RNAs and enhancer RNAs (eRNAs), which positively correlates with their length, inclusion of m6A motif (RRACH), and RNA abundances. m6A-eRNAs mark highly active enhancers, where they recruit nuclear m6A reader YTHDC1 to phase separate into liquid-like condensates, in a manner dependent on its C-terminus intrinsically disordered region and arginine residues. The m6A-eRNA/YTHDC1 condensate co-mixes with and facilitates the formation of BRD4 coactivator condensate. Consequently, YTHDC1 depletion diminished BRD4 condensate and its recruitment to enhancers, resulting in inhibited enhancer and gene activation. We propose that chemical modifications of eRNAs together with reader proteins play broad roles in enhancer activation and gene transcriptional control. (149 words) Lee, Wang and Xiong et al. characterized nascent RNA m6A methylome in human cells, finding a pervasive existence of m6A-marked eRNAs. These m6A-modified eRNAs recruit the nuclear m6A reader YTHDC1 to partition into liquid-like condensates, which facilitate formation of transcriptional activator condensates and therefore gene activation.
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